Personality CH.6-CH.10 Mindtap Q&A's

Erikson studied each of the following groups except

Schizophrenic Adults

In which of the following did Erikson note the phenomenon of Identity Confusion?

His study of World War II veterans

Erikson included all the following in his theory of personality except:

Unconscious Forces

Erikson used the term ““ to refer to the idea that human development is governed by a sequence of stages that depend on hereditary factors.

Epigenetic Principle of Maturation

During Erikson’s first stage of psychosocial development, when trust or mistrust are they ways of coping, the most important body part is the:

Mouth

According to Erikson, ““ involves a determination to exercise freedom of choice and self-restraint in the face of society’s demands.

Will

Erikson believed that for adolescents, excessive association with fanatical groups and cults or obsession with popular cultural icons could:

Restrict the Developing Ego

According to Erikson, the basic strength that should develop during adolescence is:

Fidelity

The psychosocial developmental stage os maturity that lasts the longest is the:

Adulthood Stage

On the free will-determinism, Erikson’s theory of human nature:

Is only partially deterministic.

Erikson’s use of psychohistorical analysis included such significant personalities and figures as:

Ghandi and Martin Luther

Erikson’s primary research method was the:

Case Study

Which of the following statuses of the adolescent stage of development does not represent a successful resolution of the identity problem.

Alienated Achievement

Women college students who are career-oriented are likely to:

Marry later in life.

In response to charges that has concepts are ambiguous and poorly defined, Erikson cited:

His artistic temperament and lack of formal training in science.

Allport believed that the best way to study personality was through:

The analysis of data from normal and healthy adults.

What did Allport believe was the biggest difference between normal and abnormal people?

The abnormal personality functioned at an infantile level.

As a child, Allport was:

Plagued by Feelings of Inferiority.

When compared to childhood, Allport believed adulthood is:

Unconstrained by Past Experiences

Allport’s approach to personality is characterized by the:

Conscious Rather than the Unconscious

To avoid confusion in terminology, Allport relabeled individual traits as:

Personal Dispositions

According to Allport, a(n) ““ trait influences every aspect of life.

Cardinal

Identity a true statement about secondary traits as described by Allport.

Secondary Traits appear less Consistent than other Traits, Secondary Traits are minor preferences, such as the preference for a particular type of food, & Secondary traits are highly inconspicuous and weak. (All of These are Correct)

Allport believed that present and future behavior can best be explained in terms of the disconnect between past experiences and present motives through the concept of:

Functional Autonomy

Allport’s concept of functional autonomy proposes that:

Forces that motivated us early in life become unrelated to their original circumstances.

According to Allport, “ “ describes a striving for consistency and integration of the personality.

Propriate Patterning

Which of the following is an example of functionally autonomous behavior?

Skill Mastery

Which is the final stage in the development of the proprium accomplished?

When young people begin to formulate long-range goals and plans.

Ideally, the development of the proprium is accomplished during:

Adolescence

Allport and two colleagues developed an objective self-report assessment test called the “ “.

Study of Values

Cattell’s goal in studying personality was to:

Predict Behavior

Which of the following is true about Cattell’s approach to personality:

His approach to personality was rigorously scientific.

Cattell used “ “ for treatment of the data.

Factor Analysis

In Cattell’s system, the mental elements of personality are called:

Traits

Cattell’s childhood was characterized by:

Competition with an Older Brother.

Which of the following is true about the life of William Cattell?

His life was characterized by intense dedication to and total absorption in his work.

“ “ traits are the driving forces for behavior.

Dynamic

Which of the following traits describe the general style and emotional tone of our behavior and affect the ways we act and react to situations?

Temperament Traits

In Cattell’s 16 PF (Personality Factor) questionnaire, on factor A, the low scores are reserved, aloof, and detached, whereas the high scores are:

Outgoing, Warmhearted, and Easygoing

In Cattell’s 16 PF (Personality Factor) questionnaire, on factor Q4, the high score pretense, driven, and fretful, whereas the low scores are:

Relaxed, Tranquil, and Composed

During “ “, people reexamine their values and search for a new self.

Late Maturity

According to Cattell, behavior that is considered predictable must be:

Lawful and Orderly

Which of the following activities were performed by Cattell’s research subjects for measurements of personality ?

They filled self-report questionnaires, They took personality test resistant faking, & They produced life records rated bye observers (All of These are Correct)

The PF Test, in its original form, is used:

For predicting occupational success, clinical diagnosis, and research.

Which of the following research approaches was preferred by Cattell to study personality?

The multivariate approach, involving factor analysis

Maslow criticized psychoanalysis because:

It studied only abnormal or emotionally disturbed examples of humanity.

Which of the following reasons brought about a profound shift in Maslow’s thinking and deviated him from behaviorism?

The start of World War II and the birth of his first child.

By developing a humanistic approach to psychology, Maslow wanted to demonstrate that:

People are capable of displaying better behavior that prejudice, hatred, and aggression

According to Mallow’s needs-hierarchy theory, hungry people are preoccupied with satisfying their “ “ needs.

Physiological

The key idea in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is that:

The lower needs must be at least partially staffed before higher needs become influential.

Maslow called higher needs “ “.

Growth or Being Needs

In the context of the needs-hierarchy theory, Maslow states that a need:

Does not have to be fully satisfied before the next need in the hierarchy becomes important.

Maslow suggested that the failure to ratify the need for “ “ is a fundamental cause of emotional maladjustment.

Love

As stated by Maslow, which of the following is true of the cognitive needs?

Failure testify the cognitive needs is harmful and hampers the full development of the personality.

According to Maslow’s theory, meta motivation refers to:

The motivation of Self-Actualizers

According to Maslow, which of the following is metaneed?

Wholeness

Maslow states that “ “ is one of the reasons for the failure to self-actualize.

The Jonah Complex

Maslow used the term “ “ to describe people’s doubts about their own abilities.

The Jonah Complex

In the context of Maslow’s work on self-actualization, “ “ were Maslow’s first research subjects.

College Students

Which of the following statements is true of the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI)?

It has two major scales namely time competence and inter directedness.

The approach to psychotherapy used by Carl Rogers came to be known as person-centered therapy because:

It is the person himself and not the therapist who directs the change and improvement in personality.

Which of the following was the first endeavor of Carl Rogers in the field of psychology after he received his Ph.D. in 1931?

Diagnosing and treating delinquent and underprivileged children

Rogers believed that the tendency to actualize is:

Innate

According to Rogers, which of the following is part of the actualization tendency of people?

Process of Maturation, Psychological Needs, & Physiological Needs ( All of these are Correct)

In which of the following cases is approval, love, or acceptance granted only when a person expresses desirable behaviors and attitudes?

Conditional Postive Regard

The warning "Of course, Mommy loves you... when you're good!" is an example of:

Conditional Positive Regard

The discrepancy between a person's self-concept and aspects of his or her experience is called “ “.

Incongruence

Our level of psychological adjustment and emotional health is a function of the extent to which our:

Self-Concept is congruent with our experiences.

According to Carl Rogers, which of the following characteristics are present in a fully functioning person?

Awareness of all Experiences, Creativity and Spontaneity, & Freedom of Choice, without inhibitions (All of these are Correct)

Rogers believed that childhood experiences:

Have less impact on personality development than do experiences later in life.

Which of the following is a true statement about Rogers's view of human nature?

We seek challenge instead of the security of the familiar.

Rogers developed a group therapy technique in which people learn about their feelings and about how they relate to one another. He called this approach the “ “.

Encounter Group

The Experiencing Scale, which is based on Rogers's work, attempts to assess one's “ “.

Level of Self-Trust

According to recent researches, which of the following characteristics of therapists, as perceived by the clients, is more likely to be successful in a person-centered therapy?

Demonstration of unconditional positive regard fro clients, Empathetic and Understanding, & Demonstration of congruence in the therapeutic relationship. (All of These are Correct)

Self-reports from children whose parents used conditional regard showed that the children had:

Poor coping skills and fluctuating level of self-esteem.