Phys Di- Exam 3- Vitals- Abnormalities

What are the different fever patterns?

Intermittent

Remittent

Hectic

Relapsing

Charcot intermittent fever

Sustained

What is an intermittent fever pattern

Varies during day and does return to normal

What is a remittent fever pattern

Varies during day and does not return to normal

What is a hectic fever pattern?

Remittent or intermittent with difference between peak and baseline of more than 1.4 C

What are some causes of hectic fever patterns?

Abscess or pyrogenic infections such as:

Pyelonephritis and ascending cholangitis

Tuberculosis

Hypernephromas

Lymphomas

Drug reactions

Describe a relapsing fever

Fever occurs, resolves and recurs again in days to weeks

What fever is rare in the US

Relapsing

What are the common causes of relapsing fever? More common in US and the MOST common cause?

Hodgkin disease (more common in US)

Malaria (MOST COMMON CAUSE)

Borrelia from tick bites

Describe a Charcot intermittent fever

Associated with bile duct obstruction and biliary colic

Describe the sustained fever pattern

Little change in temperature during day

What are some causes of sustained fever patterns?

Bacterial endocarditis

Typhoid fever

Tuberculosis

Fugal disease

Bacterial pneumonia

Neoplasms

Connective tissue disease

Drug induced fever

TRUE or FALSE

The higher the temp of a fever the worse it is

FALSE

What is hypothermia

Temp below 98.6

Common cause of hypothermia

Chronic renal failure

For every degree of increased body temp the pulse__________

Increases by about 10 bpm

When would the pulse not increase with fever?

Reaction to drugs

Tyhoid fever

Legionellosis

Mycoplasma pneumonia

What is normal BP systolic pressure

less than 120

What is normal diastolic BP

Less than 80

What is elevated systolic BP

120-129 mmHg

What is elevated diastolic BP

Greater than 80

What is stage 1 hypertension systolic

130-139

What is stage 1 hypertension diastolic

80-89

What is stage 2 hypertension systolic

Greater than or equal to 140

What is stage 2 hypertension diastolic

Greater than or equal to 90

What is the definition of hypertension

BP consistently at 130/80 or higher

For essential hypertension, what does it mean?

The cause is poorly understood

What is some causes of secondary hypertension

Renal disease

Renal artery stenosis

Aldosteronism

Thyroid disorders

Coarctation of aorta

Pheochromocytoma

What is slow breathing?

Bradypnea

Causes of bradypnea

Hypothyroidism

CNS disorders

Narcotics

What is fast breathing?

Hyperpnea

What are some causes of hyperpnea

COPD

Pursed lip breathing

What is kussmaul breathing caused by?

Metabolic acidosis

What does kussmaul breathing do?

Compensate for acidic pH by hyperventilating

What is a form of chronic pain caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction of the central nervous system that persists beyond expected after healing?

Neuropathic pain

What are some potential causes of neuropathic pain?

Postherptic neuralgia

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Trigeminal neuralgia

Radiculopathy

What is it when damaged peripheral nerves fire repeatedly?

Neuropathic pain

What is a syndrome in which regional pain extends beyond a specific peripheral nerve injury in an extremity with motor sensory and autonomic changes?

Complex regional pain syndrome

In complex regional pain syndrome there is no relationship between the ___________ and the severity of______ and __________ of symptoms

Original trauma severity

Severity of symptomatic and cause of sympathetic