Weather Hazards

Flashcards in the style of fill in the blank questions, based on the provided lecture notes.

The __ acts as a protective layer between outer space and the biosphere.

Atmosphere

The __ effect causes climate change with fossil fuels.

Greenhouse

Nitrogen makes up __ of the atmosphere.

78%

Most of Earth's wind and clouds are located in the __.

Troposphere

The ozone layer is located in the __.

Stratosphere

The __ is the hottest layer of the atmosphere.

Thermosphere

In the __, particles start to escape into space.

Exosphere

Atmospheric pressure can be measured using a __.

Barometer

An increase in the average air temperature of a planet is known as __.

Global Warming

__ refers to the change in average weather patterns in a region over a long period.

Climate Change

Natural causes of climate change include __.

Orbital Changes, Volcanic Activity, Solar Output

Human causes of climate change include __.

Burning Fossil Fuels, Farming, Deforestation

The greenhouse effect is caused by __ trapping some of the sun's warmth.

The Atmosphere

One effect of climate change is __ which contributes to sea level rise.

Melting glaciers

Rising temperatures can lead to an increase in __.

Sea Level Rise

Scientists study __ as evidence for climate change.

Cores, Sediment Cores, Tree Rings, Pollen Analysis, Temperature Records

__ is a factor that influences climate.

Latitude

__ is a location factor that influences the climate.

Urban or Rural

During the night, the __ effect occurs as the wind flows from land to sea.

Land Breeze,

At night a __ is when cool air moves down mountain slopes into the valley below.

Mountain Breeze

The center of a hurricane is called the __.

Eye

The __ of a hurricane contains the fastest winds.

Eye Wall

A __ occurs when hurricane winds push water onto the shoreline.

Storm Surge

Hurricanes help regulate climate by moving heat energy from the __ to the poles.

Equator

The __ experience the greatest number of tornadoes.

United States

The most intense tornadoes form within __ thunderstorms.

Supercell

A tornado is a powerful __ that stretches from the ground to the clouds.

Spinning Vortex

__ are seasonal winds that bring significant changes in weather.

Monsoons

During the __ monsoon, winds bring heavy rain.

Summer

Monsoons can cause __ during the summer.

Flooding

The __ effect causes built-up temperatures in city centers.

Urban Heat Island

Urban areas take in more __ than rural areas.

Sunlight

__ climate zone is characterized by high temperatures year-round and heavy rainfall every month.

Equatorial

__ climate zone has distinct wet and dry seasons.

Subequatorial

__ climate zone has Short, cool Summers.

Subpolar

__ climate zone is extremely cold year-round with very little precipitation.

Polar

__ is the transfer of heat from the equator to the poles by the movement of air.

Global Atmospheric Circulation

Winds blow from __ areas to low pressure areas.

High Pressure

The global atmospheric circulation system is divided into __.

Cells

The sun warms the Earth at the __ causing the air to rise and creating a low pressure belt.

Equator

Air moves back to the equator as __.

Trade Winds

Air moves toward the poles as __.

Westerlies

Winds curve because of Earth's rotation, this is called the __.

Coriolis Effect

Due to dry air and little rainfall, __ are often found at 30 degrees latitude.

Deserts

The UK lies close to the __ zone at 60 degrees north where warm rising air brings lots of cloud cover and rainfall.

Low Pressure

The __ is one of the air circulation cells between the equator and poles.

Hadley Cell

The __ is one of the air circulation cells between the equator and poles.

Ferrel Cell

The __ is one of the air circulation cells between the equator and poles.

Polar Cell

During the day __ occurs as the wind moves from sea to land.

Sea Breeze

__ are areas with similar climate characteristics.

Climate Zones