Latin Culture Easy (From Quizlet)

course of honors, steps you take to make it to the highest jobs (from bottom to top - quaestor, praetor, consul)

cursus honorum;

two men (executives) elected yearly

consuls;

judge, part of the cursus honorum

praetor;

treasurer, part of the cursus honorum

quaestor;

officials in charge of roads and public games

aedile;

higher class

patricians;

lower class

plebeians;

middle class

equestrians;

training ground for soldiers, between the Aventine and Capitoline hills

Campus Martius;

largest amphitheater where gladiators fought

Colosseum;

large stadium for chariot races

Circus Maximus;

large Roman marketplace, between the Capitoline and Palatine;

hills

Forum;

senate house

curia;

large public administrative building, similar to a law court

basilica;

library

bibliotheca;

shop/inn/tavern

taberna;

slave who carries books to school

paedagogus;

elementary teacher

litterator;

pen used in school

stilus;

tablet used in school

tabula;

reading & writing teacher, came after the "litterator" grammaticus;

teacher of rhetoric, final teacher after the "litterator" and "grammaticus"

rhetor;

first name

praenomen;

second name

nomen;

third name

cognomen;

fourth name (uncommon)

agnomen;

Praenomen abbreviated "C."

Gaius;

Praenomen abbreviated "Cn."

Gnaeus;

Praenomen abbreviated "A."

Aulus;

Praenomen abbreviated "D."

Decimus;

Praenomen abbreviated "M."

Marcus;

Praenomen abbreviated "M'." (notice the apostrophe)

Manius;

Praenomen abbreviated "P."

Publius;

Praenomen abbreviated "S."

Spurius;

Praenomen abbreviated "SEX."

Sextus;

Praenomen abbreviated "SER."

Servius;

Praenomen abbreviated "T."

Titus;

Praenomen abbreviated "Ti."

Tiberius;

shirt-like clothing worn by everyone

tunica;

toga worn by boys under 16 and magistrates, characterized by a purple stripe

toga praetexta;

all white toga, worn by men over 16

toga virilis/pura/libera;

toga worn by men running for office, bright white color came from rubbing chalk all over it

toga candida;

grey toga, worn by those in mourning :(

toga pulla/sordida;

women's dress

stola;

women's shawl

palla;

child's good luck charm

bulla;

normal outdoor shoes

calcei;

sandals for indoors

soleae;

heavy-duty military boots

caligae;

ring

anulus;

broad brimmed travelling hat, similar to a sunhat

petasus;

cap worn by freed slaves

pilleus;

common city house

domus;

country house, similar to a farmhouse

villa;

apartment building, where most Romans lived

insula;

large main room, meeting place

atrium;

hole in roof of atrium - allows water in

compluvium;

basin that catches water in the atrium

impluvium;

father's office

tablinum;

dining room

triclinium;

kitchen

culina;

bedroom

cubiculum;

outdoor garden

peristylium;

small household shrine in the atrium, dedicated to lares and penates (household gods)

lararium;

group of 6 priestesses who tended to the sacred fire of Rome (as well as a ton of other things)

vestal virgins;

chief priest of Rome

pontifex maximus;

festival celebrated near modern Christmas, masters and slaves switched roles, source of phrase "io, Saturnalia!"

saturnalia;

festival celebrated near modern Valentines day, celebration of fertility

lupercalia;

breakfast

ientaculum;

lunch

prandium;

dinner

cena;

honey, used instead of sugar as a sweetener

mel;

gross fermented fish-sauce Romans were obsessed with

garum/liquamen;

appetizer

gustatio;

dessert

secunda mensa;

drinking party

comissatio;

craftsman

artifex/faber;

cook

coquus;

judge

iudex;

doctor

medicus;

merchant

mercator;

soldier

miles;

painter

pictor;

fisherman

piscator;

baker

pistor;

priest

pontifex;

shoemaker

sutor;

barber

tonsor;

road that ran from Rome to Capua (later Rome to Brundisium), most famous road

Via Appia;

great sewer, largest one in Rome

Cloaca Maxima;

most famous aqueduct

Aqua Appia;

head of the Roman family

paterfamilias;

confarreatio

Marriage ceremony for wealthy patricians;

coemptio

Marriage ceremony that involved a fictitious sale of the bride;

usus

Marriage ceremony for slaves and plebeians;

"Ubi tu Gaius, ego Gaia"

Phrase spoken at wedding ceremonies;

sponsalia

Engagement (for a wedding);

pronuba

Maid of honor at a wedding;

Censor

Two men in charge of taking the census;