Exam 4

This Friday 5/2/2025

What main category of drugs used in sports causes the most problems?

PED’s(like anabolic steroids-AAS)

T(A) or F(B) Ground donkey hooves boiled in oil and garnished with rose pedals (used in pro-baseball) is just as or even more effective than AAS in improving sports performance.

False

What poison in low doses was used as a stimulant in sports?

Strychinine

T or F Lance Armstrong NEVER used a doping regimen.

False

T or F Celebrex is completely safe and effective with no serious side effects.

False

T or F Myostatin inhibitors are a very safe and effective way to increase muscle mass.

False

T or F Deer Antler Velvet Supplement can increase muscle mass by 50% in just one week. I use it myself!

False

Lidocaine

local anesthetic

ASA

Systemic non Rx analgesia(NSAID)

Vicodin

Opioid analgesic

Valium

A Benzo muscle relaxant

Celebrex

Rx NSAID

Morphine

Opioid analgesic

Flexeril

Muscle relaxant

Klonopin

Benzo muscle relaxant

Cortisone

Anti-inflammatory steroid

Nandrolone

AAS- Anabolic androgenic steroid

Ventolin

Beta 2 agonist

Prednisone

Corticosteroid

Anadrol

AAS

Somatropin

Hgh

r-EPO

used to increase red blood cell count

Stanzolol

AAS

Somatotropin

Hgh

Vivarin

caffeine

Lasix

Diuretic

Adderall

Amphetamine for ADHD

What’s an adjunctive analgesic?

A medication used alongside primary treatments to enhance pain relief.

What is a sedative and what are they given for?

Sedatives are medications used to induce calmness or sleepiness. They are often prescribed for anxiety, insomnia, or to prepare patients for medical procedures.

What is a hypnotic and what are they used for?

Hypnotics are medications that induce sleep or drowsiness. They are commonly used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders.

What’s tolerance?

A person's response to a drug decreases over time

What are side effects of opioids?

Drowsiness, constipation, nausea, and respiratory depression.

What are side effects of salicylates?

Stomach upset, nausea, heartburn, and increased bleeding risk.

What are side effects of Tylenol?

Liver damage, allergic reactions, gastrointestinal upset.

What’s an anti-paretic drug?

Used to reduce fever and alleviate pain. Ex: acetaminophen and ibuprofen.

T/F- Hypnotics are prescribed to produce sleep.

True

What is a normal blood sugar level?

70-110

What does DKA stand for?

Diabetic ketoacidosis

What is normal arterial blood ph?

7.35-7.45

Type 1 or Type 2 DM- Usually occurs before age 30

Type 1

Type 1 or Type 2 DM- Usually occurs after age 30

Type 2

Type 1 or Type 2 DM- Little or no insulin production

Type 1

Type 1 or Type 2 DM- Insulin usually present

Type 2

Type 1 or Type 2 DM- Primary defect is insulin resistance

Type 2

Type 1 or Type 2 DM- Pt is thin or at normal body weight

Type 1

Type 1 or Type 2 DM- 85% are obese

Type 2

Type 1 or Type 2 DM- Can be treated with diet and oral hypoglycemics

Type 2

What is a normal A1C?

less than 6.5

What is a desired Glycemic Index for a pre-DM pt considering diet changes?

less than 50

What is a desired Glycemic load for a pre-DM pt considering a diet change?

less than 15

What does DM cause?

Retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and macrovascular injury.

What is diabetic retinopathy?

An eye condition that damages the blood vessels of the retina, potentially leading to vision loss.

How is insulin administered?

Parenterally- otherwise destroyed by the GI tract.

Rapid Insulin

Novolog, Apidra, Humalog

Short Acting Insulin

Humulin R, Novolin R

Intermediate Insulin

Humulin N, Novolin N

Long Acting Insulin

Lantus, Levemir, Tresiba

Ultra Long Insulin

Toujeo

Oral/ Injectable Non-insulin Antidiabetic Agents

Type 2, weight reduction, modified diets, exercise