history 5a saint mark

next monday

natural resources

material found in nature
and used by people such
as minerals, trees,
water, fertile soil, and
fossil fuels

ethnic group

relating to a group of
people with common
characteristics and
customs

imperialism

extending a country’s
political power by
acquiring foreign lands

empire

a group of
countries or regions
controlled by one
government

nationalism

the love of
one’s country

militarism

using strong
armies and
threats of war

alliance

an agreement
between two or more
parties to cooperate
on common interests

assassination

murder of a public
figure by surprise
attack

weapon

something that
is used for
fighting

technologies

machines or pieces
of equipment that
are created by the
use of science

trench

deep, narrow hole
in the ground used
for protection

artillery

large guns that are
used to shoot over
a great distance

blockade

to stop supplies
from entering
a country

intelligence

secret information
collected about an
enemy

torpedo

a tube-shaped
bomb that is
fired underwater

submarine

a ship that
can operate
underwater

casualty

a person killed
or injured in
battle

mobilize

to assemble
military for
active service

engage

to enter into a
battle

reconnaissance

military observation
of a region to
locate an enemy

fortification

act of building
military defenses
to protect against
an attack

bombardment

a continuous
attack with
shells or bombs

neutrality

the state of not
supporting or
helping either side in
a conflict

telegram

a message sent by
telegraph and delivered
in written form

dictator

a ruler with total
control of a country
and usually comes to
power by force

monarchy

form of government in
which one person rules,
and the authority is
inherited

autocracy

system of
government by one
person with absolute
power

tsar

absolute ruler
of Russia
before 1917

communist

someone who supports
government ownership of
farms and businesses in a
country; wealth is
redistributed based
on individual need

abdicate

to give up
one’s throne

mutiny

a revolt against
authority

Central Powers

the alliance of

Germany, Austria-
Hungary, the Ottoman

Empire, and Bulgaria
during World War I

treaty

an official agreement
between two or more
countries

Allied Powers

the alliance of Great
Britain, France, Russia,
and the United States
during World War I

World War I

European conflict from
1914 to 1918; also known as
the Great War and “the
war to end all wars”

League of Nations

organization of countries
that promised to work
together to ensure another
world war would not occur

reparations

money that a country
that loses a war must
pay because of the
damage it caused

ratify

to make a
treaty official
by signing it

Russian Revolution

revolt against the czarist
government of Russia in 1917;
the communist party led by
Vladimir Lenin took control
and renamed it the Soviet
Union

Treaty of Versailles

peace treaty at the end
of World War I signed by
Germany and the Allied
Powers in 1919; Germany
was punished severely