APUSH Period 5 Vocab

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Andrew Johnson

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1

Andrew Johnson

17th President, known for Reconstruction policies.

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2

Black Codes

Laws restricting African American freedoms post-Civil War.

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3

Booker T. Washington

Educator advocating for vocational training for blacks.

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4

Carpetbagger

Northerner who moved South post-Civil War for profit.

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5

Charles Sumner

Senator and leading abolitionist during Reconstruction.

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6

Compromise of 1877

Ended Reconstruction, withdrew federal troops from South.

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7

Crop-lien system

Credit system for sharecroppers using crops as collateral.

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8

Enforcement Acts

Laws to protect African Americans' voting rights.

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9

Fifteenth Amendment

Prohibits denying voting rights based on race.

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10

Fourteenth Amendment

Grants citizenship and equal protection to all.

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11

Freedmen's Bureau

Agency assisting freed slaves with education and jobs.

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12

Ida B. Wells

Journalist and activist against lynching and racism.

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13

Impeachment

Process to remove a president from office.

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14

Jim Crow laws

State laws enforcing racial segregation in the South.

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15

Ku Klux Klan

White supremacist group formed to intimidate blacks.

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16

Minstrel show

Theatrical entertainment featuring racist caricatures.

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17

The "New" South

Term for post-Reconstruction Southern economic modernization.

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18

Plessy v. Ferguson

Supreme Court case upholding 'separate but equal' doctrine.

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19

Radical Republicans

Political faction advocating for harsh Reconstruction policies.

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20

Reconstruction

Period of rebuilding the South after the Civil War.

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21

Redeemers

Southern Democrats who aimed to restore white supremacy.

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22

Scalawag

Southern whites collaborating with Northern Republicans.

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23

Sharecropping

Agricultural system where farmers rent land for crops.

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24

Thaddeus Stevens

Leader of Radical Republicans in the House.

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25

Ulysses S. Grant

18th President and Union general during Civil War.

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26

Wade-Davis Bill

Proposal for Reconstruction requiring majority loyalty oaths.

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27

William H. Seward

Secretary of State known for purchasing Alaska.

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28

Antietam

Bloodiest single-day battle in American history.

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29

Appomattox Court House

Site of Confederate surrender ending the Civil War.

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30

Confederate States of America

Government formed by Southern states seceding from Union.

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31

Confiscation Acts

Laws allowing Union to seize Confederate property.

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32

Conscription

Mandatory enlistment for military service.

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33

Emancipation Proclamation

Executive order freeing slaves in Confederate states.

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34

First Battle of Bull Run

First major battle of the Civil War, Confederate victory.

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35

Fort Sumter

First battle of the Civil War, Confederate attack.

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36

George B. McClellan

Union general known for cautious military strategies.

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37

Gettysburg

Turning point battle of the Civil War, Union victory.

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38

Greenbacks

Paper currency issued during the Civil War.

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39

Homestead Act

Law granting land to settlers for farming.

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40

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederate States of America.

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41

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general known for military leadership.

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42

Shiloh

Major early battle in the Western Theater of the war.

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43

Thirteenth Amendment

Abolished slavery in the United States.

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44

Thomas J. ("Stonewall") Jackson

Confederate general known for his tactical prowess.

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45

United States Sanitary Commission

Organization improving medical care for Union soldiers.

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46

William T. Sherman

Union general known for his 'March to the Sea.'

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47

Abraham Lincoln

16th President, led the nation during the Civil War.

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48

Alamo

Site of a pivotal battle in Texas Revolution.

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49

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

Mexican general and president during the Texas Revolution.

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50

Compromise of 1850

Series of laws addressing slavery and territorial issues.

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51

Dred Scott decision

Supreme Court ruling denying citizenship to slaves.

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52

Forty-niners

Gold rush migrants to California in 1849.

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53

Free-Soil Party

Political party opposing the expansion of slavery.

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54

Gadsden Purchase

1853 land purchase to facilitate southern transcontinental railroad.

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55

Harpers Ferry

Site of John Brown's raid against slavery.

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56

James K. Polk

11th President, expanded U.S. territory significantly.

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57

John Brown

Abolitionist who led violent raids against slavery.

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58

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Allowed territories to decide on slavery via popular sovereignty.

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59

Manifest Destiny

Belief in the U.S. expansion across North America.

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60

Oregon Trail

Route for westward migration to Oregon Territory.

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61

Popular sovereignty

Idea that territories should decide on slavery themselves.

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62

Sam Houston

Leader of Texan forces during the Texas Revolution.

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63

Stephen A. Douglas

Senator known for debates with Lincoln and popular sovereignty.

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64

Stephen F. Austin

Father of Texas, led early settlers into Texas.

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65

Tejanos

Mexican residents of Texas during the 19th century.

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66

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Ended Mexican-American War, ceded territory to U.S.

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67

Wilmot Proviso

Proposal to ban slavery in territories acquired from Mexico.

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68

Zachary Taylor

12th President and military leader in the Mexican-American War.

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