CHAPTER 12 —> Services

The attraction of the call center industry to locate in India can best be explained by?

Low wages and wide use of English

Which of the following is considered to be an original hearth of urban settlement?

All of the above. (Indus Valley, Egypt, Mesopotamia, China)

Which of the following is a reason for establishing a settlement?

All of the above. (Manufacturing, politics, religion, family protection)

Urbanization can be analyzed by looking at the ______ and ______ of people living in cities.

Number and percentage.

Which statement best describes the relationship between urbanization and the Industrial Revolution?

The Industrial Revolution promoted urbanization

Of the ten largest urban areas in the world, how many are in More Developed Countries today?

Two

Residents of rural settlements are more likely than residents or urban settlements to work in?

Agriculture

A place where farm building, homes, and churches are found close together is what kind of settlement?

Clustered rural

Most people in the world live in what type of settlement?

Urban settlement

Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that?

You may feel lonely and isolated in a crowd

According to Louis Wirth, Urban areas are more likely than rural areas to have?

All of the above (More heterogeneity, larger size, higher density)

Clustered rural settlements were most common in which region of colonial America?

New England

The city-state is an example of?

A state dominated by its major city.

Which of the following is NOT primarily a consumer service?

Professional services

Business services provide what kind of services?

Services to businesses.

The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service is?

Range

The minimum number of people needed to support a services is?

Threshold

According to the range concept of Central Place Theory, people would be willing to travel far distance for a(n)? And only willing to travel short distances for?

All of the above (Flight out of an airport; groceries -Championship sporting event; a cup of coffee - Wedding; fast food restaurant)

Periodic markets feature?

Vendors who move to serve more towns

The geometric pattern which geographers use to represent market areas is?

A hexagon

The process of using comparable markets to help geographers predict the market share of a proposed new store is called the?

Analog method

If a country follows the rank-size rule, if the largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants, how many people live in the fifth largest city?

200,000

If a country's largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants and the second largest city has 200,000 inhabitants, the country follows what distribution?

Primate city

The hierarchical organization of settlements by size is known as the?

Rank-size rule

A central place is a?

Market center

Which of the following is a basic economic activity?

Steel mill

Attracting a new basic industry is important to a community, primarily because it?

Stimulates new nonbasic industries

World cities are defined by?

The number and type of business services found there

LDCs specialize in what two types of business services?

Offshore financial and back office

What technical development has allowed back office services to relocate to LDCs?

Telecommunication

If the primate city has a population of 1,000,000, the fifth largest city would have a pop of…

200,000

European CBD

Has no skyscrapers, yet has residential

What is not in CBD?

Manufacturing, residents

First floor of skyscraper

Services for skyscraper workers

Why CBD's land is so expensive?

Ease of access, lack of land

Where do talent people reside?

Urban area (prob burbs) usually with a major university

Back office

Payroll, insurance claims, clerical activities

Offshore financial

provides a tax cut and privacy for corporations

Dependent Centers

Military Base, Retirement centers, Las Vegas

Specialized Producer Services

Research triangle, Detroit, Silicon Valley

Basic Industries

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement

Non-basic industries

Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community

Food Desserts Definition

parts of the country void of fresh fruit, vegetables, and other healthful whole foods, usually found in impoverished areas

Market Area

The area surrounding a central place, from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services

Business Services

Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services

Consumer Services

Non-tangible products that are sold to the general public and include hotel accommodation, insurance services and train journeys

Gravity Model

A mathematical formula that describes the level of interaction between two places, based on the size of their populations and their distance from each other

Dispersed rural settlement

A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages

Central Place Theory

Theory proposed by Walter Christaller that explains how and where central places in the urban hierarchy should be functionally and spatially distributed with respect to one another

Site factors of industrial location

land, labor, capital

Situations factors

Location factors related to the transportation of materials into and from a factory

rank-size rule

A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement

primate city

The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement

Formal Economy

The legal economy that is taxed and monitored by a government and is included in a government's Gross National Product; as opposed to an informal economy

informal economy

Economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government; and is not included in that government's Gross National Product; as opposed to a formal economy