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Trapezius M Proximal Attachment

Superior nuchal line, ext. Occipital protuberance, nuchal lig, C7-T12 Spinous Processes

Trapezius Distal Attachment

Scapula, Clavicle

Trapezius Action

Superior fibers: Scauplar ELEV

Middle fibers: Scapular RET

Interior fibers: Scapular DEP

All fibers: Scapular UR

Trapezius Innervation

Spinal Accessory n (CN XI)

Levator Scapulae PA

Transverse Processes C1-C4

Levator Scapulae DA

Superior angle of scapula

Levator Scapulae Action

Scapular ELEV and DR

Levator Scapulae Innervation

Dorsal Scapular N (C5) and ventral Rami C3-C4

Latissimus dorsi PA

Spinous Processes of T7 to the sacrum via thoracolumbar fascia

Latissimus dorsi DA

Intertubercular groove of the humerus

Latissimus dorsi Action

Glenohumeral joint ADD, EXT, and IR

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

Thoracodorsal N (C6-C8)

Rhomboid Major and Minor PA

Spinous processes of C7-T1 (minor) and T2-T5 (major)

Rhomboid Major and Minor DA

Medial border of the scapula

Rhomboid Major and Minor Action

Scapular RET and DR

Rhomboid Major and Minor Innervation

Dorsal Scapular N (C5)

Erector Spinae Muscles

Iliocostalis M (Lateral)

Longissimus M (Middle)

Spinalis M (Medial)

Erector Spinae PA

Medial Close to Spine

Erector Spinae DA

Lateral to ribs and transverse processes

Erector Spinae Direction

Medial to superolateral

Erector Spinae Action

Bilateral: Vertebral column EXT; Unilateral vertebral column lateral FLEX and rotation to ipsilateral side

Erector Spinae Innervation

segmentally innervated by dorsal rami

Splenius Capitus and Cervicis PA

Nuchal lig and spinous processes of C7-T6

Splenius Capitus and Cervicis DA

Base of skull (capitis) and transverse process of c1-c3 (cervicis)

Splenius Capitus and Cervicis Direction

Medial to superolateral

Splenius Capitus and Cervicis Action

Bilateral Head and neck EXT; unilateral Lateral FLEX and head rotation same side

Splenius Capitus and Cervicis Innervation

segmentally innervated by dorsal rami

Transversospinalis Muscles

Semispinalis (upper thoracic and cervical region, longest)

Multifidus M (more developed in lumbar region)

Rotatores m (more developed in thoracic region, shortest)

Transversospinalis PA

Transverse processes (lateral)

Transversospinalis DA

Ascend to attach to superior spinous processes (Medial)

Transversospinalis Direction

Lateral to superomedial

Transversospinalis Action

Bilateral: vertebral column EXT; unilateral: vertebral column rotation to the contralateral side

Transversospinalis Innvervation

segmentally innvervated by dorsal rami

Segmentum Muscles

Interspinalis M (paired) run from spinous process to spinous process

Intertransversarii muscle: Run from transvers process to transverse process

Levator Costorum m: Run from transverse process to rib

Segmentum Action

Stabilization and elevate ribs

Segmentum Innervation

Segmentally innervated by dorsal rami

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major PA

Spinous process of C2

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major DA

Occipital Bone

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major Action

Bilateral: Head EXT; Unilateral: Head rotation ipsilateral side

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major Innervation

Suboccipital N (dorsal rami of C1)

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor PA

Posterior tubercle of C1

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor DA

Occipital bone

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor Action

Bilateral: Head EXT

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor Innervation

Suboccipital N (dorsal rami of C1)

Obliquus Capitis Superior M PA

Transverse process of C1

Obliquus Capitis Superior M DA

Occipital bone

Obliquus Capitis Superior M Action

Bilateral: Head EXT; Unilateral: Head lateral FLEX

Obliquus Capitis Superior M Innervation

Suboccipital N (dorsal rami of C1)

Obliquus capitis Inferior M PA

Spinous Process of C2

Obliquus capitis Inferior M DA

Transverse Process of C1

Obliquus capitis Inferior M Action

Ipsilateral Rotation

Obliquus capitis Inferior M Innervation

Suboccipital n (dorsal rami of C1)

Suboccipital Triangle is formed by

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

What passes through the Suboccipital triangle

Vertebral A

Suboccipital n

Greater occipital N

Sensory innervation to the posterior head