IB Chemistry SL Functional Groups
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14 Terms
Alkanes
Functional Group: none
Suffix: -ane
Formula: C(n)H(2n+2)
Alkenes
Functional Group: alkenyl
Suffix: -ene
Formula: C(n)H(2n)
Alkynes
Functional Group: alkynyl
Suffix: -yne
Formula: C(n)H(2n-2)
halogenoalkanes
Functional Group: —X ( X= F, Br, Cl, I)
Suffix: none
Formula: C(n)H(2n+1)X
arenes
Functional Group: phenyl
Suffix: none
Formula: C(n)H(2n-6)
alcohols
Functional Group: hydroxyl
Suffix: -ol
Formula: ROH
aldehydes
Functional Group: aldehyde
Suffix: -al
Formula: RCOH
ketones
Functional Group: carbonyl
Suffix: -one
Formula: RC(O)R'
carboxylic acids
Functional Group: carboxyl
Suffix: -oic acid
Formula: RCOOH
esters
Functional Group: ester
Suffix: -oate
Formula: RCOOR'
ethers
Functional Group: ether
Suffix: none
Formula: ROR'
amines
Functional Group: amino
Suffix: -amine
Formula: RN(R')R'', RNH2, RNHR'
amides
Functional Group: amido
Suffix: -amide
Formula: RCONH2
nitriles
Functional Group: cyano
Suffix: -nitrile
Formula: RCN
