Applied Clinical Anatomy: cranial nerved

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17 Terms

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Somatic Motor

stimulate skeletal muscle

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somatic sensory

transmit sensations of touch, pain, and temperature, and position from sensory receptors

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visceral motor

stimulate smooth muscle, modified cardiac muscle, and glands (sympathetic and parasympathetic)

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visceral sensory

afferent component of autonomic reflexes and the conductors of pain impulses form internal organs

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special sensory

afferent component of automatic reflexes and the conductors of pain impulses from internal organs

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CNI: Olfactory Nerve

  • special sensory

  • function: smell from nasal mucosa of the roof of each nasal cavity

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CNII: Optic

  • special sensory

  • function: vision from retina

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CNIII: Oculomotor

  • Somatic and Visceral Motor

  • Function: raises superior eyelid; rotates eyeballs superiorly, inferiorly medially

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CN IV: Trochlear

  • Somatic and Visceral Motor

  • Function: turns eyeball inferolateral

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CN V: Trigeminal

  • three divisions

    • ophthalmic

    • maxillary

    • mandibular

  • somatic: sensory and motor

  • Function: sensation to face; motor to muscle of mastificaiton

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CN VI: Abducens

  • somatic motor

  • function: turn eye laterally

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CN VII: Facial

Somatic Motor and Sensory; Visceral Motor; Special Sensory

Function:

  • motor to muscles of facial expressions

  • general sensation from skin of both aspects of auricle

  • parasympathetic innervation to salivary glands, lacrimal glands, and glands of nose and palate

  • taste anterior 2/3 of tongue

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CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear

Special Sensory (equilibrium and hearing)

Function: vestibular sensation to position and movement of the head; hearing

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CN IX: Glossopharyngeal

Somatic Motor; Visceral Motor; Somatic Sensory; Visceral Sensory; Special Sensory (taste)

Function:

  • motor to assist with swallowing

  • parasympathetic innervation to parotid gland - salivation

  • tympanic cavity and mastoid cells - middle ear sensation

  • carotid body and sinus receptors - regulate BP

  • Taste posterior 1/3 of tongue

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CN X: Vagus

Somatic Motor; Somatic Sensory; Visceral Motor; Visceral Sensory; Special Sensory (taste)

Function:

  • motor to constrictor muscle of the pharynx and muscles of the palate

  • sensation from auricle, external meatus, and posterior cranial fossa

  • parasympathetic innervation to muscles of trachea, bronchi, digestive tract, cardiac muscle

  • visceral sensation to heart and abdominal viscera

  • taste from epiglottis and palate

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CN XI: Spinal Accessory

  • Somatic Motor

  • Function: motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle

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CN XII: Hypoglossal

  • somatic motor

  • function: motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue