hydrocarbons derivatives

alcohol

ether

aldehyde

ketone

carboxylic acid

ester

hydrocarbon derivatives

are organic compounds that are based on hydrocarbons with the addition of specific functional groups

Carbohydrate

the most abundant class of bioorganic molecules on the planet

photosynthesis

allows green plants to produce carbohydrates

chlorophyll as energy source

cellulose

building block of rigid cell walls and woody tissues in plants

starch

chief storage form of carbohydrate for later use as a food or energy source

sucrose

ordinary table sugar, some plants like cane and sugar beets

glucose

an essential component of blood

ribose

component of genetic material RNA and DNA

Monosaccharide

crystalline compounds

, soluble in water, sweet to taste, and needs digestion in order to be absorbed into the blood stream

disaccharide

crystalline, water soluble, sweet to taste, and must be digested by monosaccharides before they can be absorbed and used for energy

polysaccharides

not water solluble and are not crystalline form colloidal suspensions instead of solutions. they are not sweet and must be digested before being absorbed

Emil Fischer

invented his system of projection formulas for his studies on carbohydrates

M.N. Haworth

introduced a useful way of representing \\the cyclic forms of monosaccharide

furanose

5 carbon rings

pyranose

6 carbon rings