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The main function of the cell-cycle control system is to regulate __________ and __________ of the genetic material.

duplication, segregation

During cell division, cohesin keeps sister chromatids __________ until they are separated.

in contact

The __________ phase in the eukaryotic cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication.

S

The __________ phase follows the synthesis of chromosomes and includes mitosis and cytokinesis.

M

APC/C activity is crucial for __________ during cell division.

anaphase

The G1 phase and S phase are part of __________ which is the longest stage of the cell cycle.

interphase

Mitogens stimulate cell proliferation by inhibiting the __________ protein.

Rb

The inhibition of the Cdk inhibitor protein (CDI) levels leads to cell cycle __________.

progression

The cell cycle can halt at specific checkpoints if conditions are not __________.

suitable

The __________ phase is where cell growth occurs before DNA is replicated.

G1

M-Cdk phosphorylates nuclear lamins, causing the __________ of the nuclear envelope.

disassembly

Activated __________ stimulates the transcription of genes required for entry into S phase.

p53

Cohesins tie together two adjacent sister __________ in duplicated chromosomes.

chromatids

During metaphase, chromosomes need to be properly attached to __________.

spindle microtubules

Anaphase consists of anaphase A and anaphase B, which are two independent __________.

processes

The contractile ring formed during cytokinesis is comprised primarily of __________ and __________ filaments.

actin, myosin

The __________ checkpoint inhibits Cdc25 phosphatase to prevent mitotic entry until conditions are favorable.

M-phase

M-Cdk activity enables the cell to progression into __________ by phosphorylating key proteins.

M phase

Rb protein must be __________ to release transcription regulators that activate S phase entry.

phosphorylated

DNA replication must occur __________ before mitosis can proceed.

once, and only once