Chapter 6 Study Sheet – Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology (7th Ed)

A collection of vocabulary flashcards based on Chapter 6 of cardiopulmonary anatomy and physiology, focusing on oxygen transport, hemoglobin forms, hypoxia, and CO₂ transport.

Oxygen Transport Methods

98% of oxygen is bound to hemoglobin (Hb); 1.5% is dissolved in plasma.

CaO₂ Formula

CaO₂ = (Hb × 1.34 × SaO₂) + (0.003 × PaO₂) is used to calculate the oxygen content in arterial blood.

Oxyhemoglobin

Oxyhemoglobin is Hb bound to O₂, represented as HbO₂.

P50

P50 is the PO₂ at which hemoglobin is 50% saturated with oxygen, typically around 26–27 mmHg.

Bohr Effect

The Bohr Effect describes the right shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve due to increased CO₂ or decreased pH, enhancing O₂ unloading at tissues.

Types of Hypoxia

Includes hypoxic, anemic, circulatory, and histotoxic types, each relating to different causes of low oxygen availability or usage.

Dissolved CO₂ Transport

5% of CO₂ is dissolved in plasma, 21% is in carbamino compounds, and 63% is in bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻).

Anatomic Shunt

An anatomic shunt refers to blood that bypasses the alveoli, typically constituting 3–5% of normal cardiac output.

Right Shift in Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve

Caused by increased temperature, increased CO₂, decreased pH, and increased 2,3-DPG, leading to reduced affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.

Haldane Effect

The Haldane Effect states that deoxygenated hemoglobin increases CO₂ uptake while oxygenated hemoglobin promotes CO₂ release.