Nuclear Physics Exam One

exposure is measured in ___________

roentgen

1 R = ___________________

2.58×10^-4 c/kg

absorbed dose is measured in ______ or _______

RAD or gray

1 Gray = ___________ __________

100 RAD

1 roentgen = _____ _______

1 RAD

xray and gamma ray weighting factor:

1

proton weighting factor:

2

neutron weighting factor:

5-20

alpha particle weighting factor:

20

radiation:

energy in transit

ionizing radiation: can remove __________ from __________

electrons from atoms

binding energy: energy required to remove an _________ from a _________

electron from a shell

photon is known as a “___________ of _________” and it has NO ________, NO ______________ and travels at the speed of ___________

packets of energy; no mass, no charge, travels at the speed of light

isotope

same number of protons

isotone

same number of neutrons

isobar

same atomic mass

isomer

same # of protons and neutrons

coulombic forces: are repulsive forces between ___________

protons

nuclear forces: attraction forces between _________

nucleons

the ____________ state is the most stable arrangement of nucleons

ground

gamma rays are photons of ______________ origins

nuclear

x-rays are photons of ___________ origins

shell

radioactive decay is when an unstable nucleus emits particles to become ________ _____________

more stable

nuclide is an atom with a specific number of protons, neutrons and a nuclear _________ __________

energy state

neutrinos and antineutrinos have ____ charge and _____ mass

no charge; little mass

B- decay occurs when there are too many _____________

neutrons

B+ decay occurs when there are too many ____________, must be ___________ than 1.022 mev!

protons; greater

electron capture is when there is too many __________, must be _____________ than 1.022 mev

protons; less

isomeric transition is when the ________ __________ is too high

nuclear energy

alpha decay is when an element is too __________

heavy