BIO 310 Practical 2 Muscle Table

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251 Terms

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<p>Trapezius Origin</p>

Trapezius Origin

Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12

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<p>Trapezius Insertion</p>

Trapezius Insertion

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

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Trapezius Action

Assists in rotating the scapula during abduction of humerus above horizontal; upper fibers elevate, middle fibers adduct, and lower fibers depress scapula

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<p>Latissimus Dorsi Origin</p>

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

Spinous Processes of T7-L5, sacrum, iliac crest, and ribs 10-12

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<p>Latissimus Dorsi Insertion</p>

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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Latissimus Dorsi Action

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus

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<p>Levator Scapulae Origin</p>

Levator Scapulae Origin

Transverse Processes of C1 to C4

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<p>Levator Scapulae Insertion </p>

Levator Scapulae Insertion

Upper portion of medial border of the scapula

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Levator Scapulae Action

Elevates the scapula

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<p>Rhomboids Origin</p>

Rhomboids Origin

Spinous processes of C7-T5

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<p>Rhomboids Insertion</p>

Rhomboids Insertion

Medial Border of scapula between the spine and inferior angle

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Rhomboids Action

Retracts (adducts) and elevates scapula

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<p>Deltoid Origin</p>

Deltoid Origin

Inferior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, lateral margin of the acromion, anterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle.

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<p>Deltoid Insertion </p>

Deltoid Insertion

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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Deltoid Action

Major abductor of arm; clavicular fibers assist in flexing the arm; posterior fibers assist in extending the arm

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<p>Pectoralis Major Origin</p>

Pectoralis Major Origin

Medial half of clavicle and anterior surface of sternum, first seven costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique

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<p>Pectoralis Major Insertion</p>

Pectoralis Major Insertion

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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Pectoralis Major Action

Adduction, medial rotation, and flexion of the humerus at the shoulder joint

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<p>Pectoralis Minor Origin</p>

Pectoralis Minor Origin

Anterior surfaces of the third, fourth, and fifth ribs and deep fascia overlying the related intercostal spaces

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<p>Pectoralis Minor Insertion</p>

Pectoralis Minor Insertion

Coracoid process of scapula

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Pectoralis Minor Action

Depresses tip of shoulder; protracts scapula

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<p>Serratus Anterior Origin</p>

Serratus Anterior Origin

Lateral surfaces of upper 8-9 ribs and deep fascia overlying the related intercostal spaces

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<p>Serratus Anterior Insertion</p>

Serratus Anterior Insertion

Costal surface of medial border of scapula

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Serratus Anterior Action

Protraction and rotation of the scapula, keeps medial border and inferior angle of scapula opposed to thoracic wall

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Trapezius Innervation

Motor: accessory nerve [XI]; proprioception: C3 and C4

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Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 to C8)

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Levator Scapulae Innervation

C3 to C4 and dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

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<p>Anterior Scalene Origin</p>

Anterior Scalene Origin

Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of vertebrae C3 to C6

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<p>Anterior Scalene Insertion</p>

Anterior Scalene Insertion

Scalene tubercle and upper surface of rib 1

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Anterior Scalene Action

Elevation of rib I

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Anterior Scalene Innervation

Anterior rami of C4 to C7

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Rhomboids Innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

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Deltoid Innervation

Axillary nerve [C5, C6]

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Pectoralis Major Innervation

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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Pectoralis Minor Innervation

Medial pectoral nerves

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Serratus Anterior Innervation

Long thoracic nerve [C5, C6, C7]

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<p>Supraspinatus Origin</p>

Supraspinatus Origin

 Medial 2/3s of the supraspinous fossa of the scapula and the deep fascia that covers the muscle

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<p>Supraspinatus Insertion</p>

Supraspinatus Insertion

Most superior facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus

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Supraspinatus Action

Rotator cuff muscle; participates in abduction of the glenohumeral joint; stabilization of glenohumeral joint

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Supraspinatus Innervation

Suprascapular nerve [C5, C6]

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<p>Infraspinatus Origin</p>

Infraspinatus Origin

Medial 2/3s of the infraspinous fossa of the scapula and the deep fascia that covers the muscle

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<p>Infraspinatus Insertion</p>

Infraspinatus Insertion

Middle facet on posterior surface of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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Infraspinatus Action

Rotator cuff muscle: lateral rotation of arm at the glenohumeral joint; stabilization of glenohumeral joint

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Infraspinatus Innervation

Suprascapular nerve [C5, C6]

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<p>Teres Minor Origin</p>

Teres Minor Origin

Upper 2/3s of a flattened strip of bone on the posterior surface of the scapula immediately adjacent to the lateral border of the scapula

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<p>Teres Minor Insertion</p>

Teres Minor Insertion

Inferior facet on the posterior surface of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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Teres Minor Action

Rotator cuff muscle; lateral rotation of arm at the glenohumeral joint; stabilization of glenohumeral joint

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Teres Minor Innervation

Axillary nerve [C5, C6]

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<p>Subscapularis Origin</p>

Subscapularis Origin

Medial 2/3s of subscapular fossa

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<p>Subscapularis Insertion</p>

Subscapularis Insertion

Lesser tubercle of humerus

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Subscapularis Action

Rotator cuff muscle; medial rotation of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

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Subscapularis Innervation

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

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<p>Teres Major Origin</p>

Teres Major Origin

Elongate oval area on the posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula

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<p>Teres Major Insertion</p>

Teres Major Insertion

Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus on the anterior surface of the humerus

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Teres Major Action

Medial rotation and extension of the arm at the glenohumeral joint; stabilization of glenohumeral joint

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Teres Major Innervation

Inferior subscapular nerve [C5, C6, C7]

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<p><span>Biceps Brachii Origin (Long and Short head) </span></p>

Biceps Brachii Origin (Long and Short head)

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Short head: apex of coracoid process

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<p>Biceps Brachii Insertion</p>

Biceps Brachii Insertion

Radial tuberosity

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Biceps Brachii Action

Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint and supinator of the forearm; accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

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Biceps Brachii Innervation

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6]

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<p>Coracobrachialis Origin</p>

Coracobrachialis Origin

Apex of coracoid process

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<p>Coracobrachialis Insertion</p>

Coracobrachialis Insertion

Linear roughening on mid-shaft of humerus on medial side

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Coracobrachialis Action

Flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint; adducts arm

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Coracobrachialis Innervation

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6, C7]

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<p>Brachialis Origin</p>

Brachialis Origin

Anterior aspect of humerus (medial and lateral surfaces) and adjacent intermuscular septae

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<p>Brachialis Insertion</p>

Brachialis Insertion

Tuberosity of the ulna

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Brachialis Action

Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint

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Brachialis Innervation

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6]; (small contribution by the radial nerve [C7] to lateral part of muscle)

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<p>Brachioradialis Origin</p>

Brachioradialis Origin

Proximal part of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum

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<p>Brachioradialis Insertion</p>

Brachioradialis Insertion

Lateral surface of distal end of radius

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Brachioradialis Action

Accessory flexor of elbow joint when forearm is mid-pronated

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Brachioradialis Innervation

Radial nerve [C5, C6] before division into superficial and deep branches

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<p>Triceps Brachii Origin (Long, Medial, and Lateral Head) </p>

Triceps Brachii Origin (Long, Medial, and Lateral Head)

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Medial head: posterior surface of humerus; Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus

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<p>Triceps Brachii Insertion</p>

Triceps Brachii Insertion

Olecranon

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Triceps Brachii Action

Extension of the forearm at the elbow joint. Long head can also extend and adduct the arm at the shoulder joint

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Triceps Brachii Innervation

Radial nerve [C6, C7, C8]

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<p>Pronator Quadratus Origin</p>

Pronator Quadratus Origin

Linear ridge on distal anterior surface of ulna

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<p>Pronator Quadratus Insertion</p>

Pronator Quadratus Insertion

Distal anterior surface of radius

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Pronator Quadratus Action

Pronation (of forearm)

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Pronator Quadratus Innervation

Median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve) [C7, C8]

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<p>Pronator Teres Origin </p>

Pronator Teres Origin

Humeral head: medial epicondyle and adjacent supraepicondylar ridge; Ulnar head: medial side of coronoid process

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<p>Pronator Teres Insertion</p>

Pronator Teres Insertion

Roughening on lateral surface, mid-shaft of radius

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Pronator Teres Action

Pronation (of forearm)

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Pronator Teres Innervation

Median nerve [C6, C7]

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<p>Supinator Origin</p>

Supinator Origin

Superficial layer: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments; Deep layer: supinator crest of the ulna

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<p>Supinator Insertion</p>

Supinator Insertion

Lateral surface of radius superior to the anterior oblique line

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Supinator Action

Supination

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Supinator Innervation

Posterior interosseous nerve [C6, C7]

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Flexors of the Hand and Wrist Origin

Medial epicondyle of the humerus; proximal parts of the ulna and radius

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Flexors of the Hand and Wrist Insertion

Anterior aspects of the metacarpal bones, phalanges, and sometimes the carpal bones

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Flexors of the Hand and Wrist Action

Flexion of the hand at the wrist

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Flexors of the Hand and Action Innervation

Mostly median nerve, a couple are ulnar nerve

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Extensors of the Hand and Wrist Origin

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus; posterior surfaces of the ulna and radius

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Extensors of the Hand and Wrist Insertion

Posterior aspects of the metacarpal bones and phalanges

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Extensors of the Hand and Wrist Action

Extension of the hand at the wrist

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Extensors of the Hand and Wrist Innervation

Radial nerve

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<p>Iliacus Origin</p>

Iliacus Origin

Upper 2/3s of iliac fossa, anterior sacro-iliac and iliolumbar ligaments, and upper lateral surface of sacrum

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<p>Iliacus Insertion</p>

Iliacus Insertion

Lesser trochanter of femur

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Iliacus Action

Flexion of thigh at hip joint

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Iliacus Innervation

Femoral nerve (L2 to L4) Anterior rami of L1 to L3