Test 2 Review - Kinesiology

Dens is on which vertebrae

C2 Axis

Atlas: ___, axis: ___ (vertebrae)

C1, C2

External occipital protuberance attachment mm

Nuchal ligament, upper trap

Anterior pelvic tilt = spine ___

Extension

Posterior pelvic tilt= spine____

Flexion

Spine flexion more disc ___

Backward

Spine extension more disc ___

Forward

Spine flexion= compress ___ disc

Anterior

Spine extension= compress ___ disc

Posterior

Anterior pelvic tilt = ____ lumbar lordosis/kyphosis

Increase lumbar lordosis

Posterior pelvic tilt = ____ lumbar lordosis/kyphosis

Decrease lumbar lordosis

Safe Lifting Technique

Allows generated forces to be shared with the other musculature

The narrowing of openings for nerve structures

Spinal stenosis

Compression of the anterior portion of the nucleus pulposis

Spondylolisthesis

Osteophyte formation interfering with disc dynamics

Degenerative disc disease

Loss of fluid content in the nucleus pulposis

Herniated nucleus pulposus

Controls postural sway

Plantarflexors, dorsiflexors

Weak hip/knee muscles cause ____

Hyperextension to rely on ligaments

Lean forward ___ pressure increases

Disc

Lean backward ___ pressure increases

Facet

Protracted neck position

Upper cervical extension, lower cervical flexion

Retracted neck position

Upper cervical flexion, lower cervical extension