ONLINE EXAM: MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY LAWS

Non-maleficence

An act done to avoid harming the patients:*
Beneficence
Non-maleficence
Autonomy
Justice

Manila Public Health Laboratory

First clinical laboratory in the Philippines:*
San Lazaro Hospital
Manila Public Health Laboratory
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
National Reference Laboratory

26th Medical Laboratory of the 6th US Army

Introduced medical technology practice in the Philippines after World War II:*
Dr. Pio de Roda
Dr. Mariano Icasiano
Dr. Prudencia Sta. Ana
26th Medical Laboratory of the 6th US Army

In practice of laboratory medicine or MT for at least five years prior to his appointment

= In practice of laboratory medicine or medical technology for at least ten (10) years prior to his appointment

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BOARD OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

Head: Dr. Marilyn Barza

Members: Marian Tantingco, (Vacant position)

1. Filipino citizen

2. Good moral character

3. Qualified pathologist or duly RMTs

4. In practice of laboratory medicine or medical technology for at least ten (10) years prior to his appointment

5. Not a member of the faculty of any medical technology school for at least two (2) years prior to appointment or having any pecuniary interest direct or indirect in such institutionTERM OF OFFICE: Three (3) years after appointments or until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified

Qualification of BOARD EXAMINERS (Board of MT) EXCEPT:*
Filipino citizen, good moral character
Qualified pathologist or duly RMTs
In practice of laboratory medicine or MT for at least five years prior to his appointment
Not a member of the faculty of any medical technology school for at least two years prior to appointment

3 years after appointments or until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified
= TERM OF OFFICE: Three (3) years after appointments or until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified

BOARD OF MT term of office: *
1 year after appointments or until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified
2 years after appointments or until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified
3 years after appointments or until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified
5 years after appointments or until their successors shall have been appointed and duly qualified

Atty. Charito Zamora
= PRC is a THREE-MAN COMMISSION attached to the office of the President for general direction and coordination.

THE CHAIRPERSON OR COMMISSIONER SHALL BE:
1. At least forty (40) years of age
2. Holding a valid certificate of registration/professional license and a valid professional identification card or a valid certificate of competency issued by the Commission or a valid professional license issued by any government agency
3. Familiar with the principles and methods of professional regulation and/or licensing
4. Had at least five (5) years of executive or management experience
5. Provided, that, one (1) of the Commissioners must be a past Chairperson/member of a Professional Regulatory Board

The current PRC CHAIRPERSON is:*
Dr. Marilyn Barza
Dr. Jose Cueto
Atty. Charito Zamora
Yolanda Reyes

October to November
= AO 2007-0027 (CLINICAL LABORATORIES): Renewal of LTO, FIRST DAY OF OCTOBER TO LAST DAY OF NOVEMBER; processed not later than 5 working days after expiration of its license; announced licensure inspections at any reasonable time.

Renewal of CLINICAL LABORATORY license:*
January to February
March to April
August to September
October to November

Students of secondary and tertiary schools
= MANDATORY DRUG TEST
1. Applicants for driver's license *
2. Applicants for firearm's license
3. Officers and members of the military, police and other law enforcers
4. Persons charged before the prosecutor's office with a criminal offense having an imposable penalty of imprisonment of not less than six (6) years and one (1) day
5. Candidates for public office whether appointed or elected both in the national or local government
6. Persons apprehended or arrested for violating the provisions of the drug act

= RANDOM DRUG TEST
1. Students of secondary and tertiary schools
2. Officers and employees of public and private offices whether domestic or overseas.

Random drug test:*
Applicants for firearm's license
Candidates for public office whether appointed or elected both in the national or local government
Persons apprehended or arrested for violating the provisions of the drug act
Students of secondary and tertiary schools

PRIMARY CATEGORY

1. Routine Hematology

2. Qualitative Platelet Determination

3. Routine Urinalysis

4. Routine Fecalysis

5. Blood Typing – for hospital-based

SECONDARY CATEGORY

1. Services of primary category laboratory

2. Routine Clinical Chemistry

3. Quantitative Platelet Determination

4. Cross-matching – for hospital-based

5. Gram staining – for hospital-based

6. KOH – for hospital-based

TERTIARY CATEGORY

1. Services of secondary category laboratory

2. Special Chemistry

3. Special Hematology, including coagulation procedures

4. Immunology

5. Microbiology – culture and sensitivity

According to AO 2007-0027, what are the services done only in a tertiary category laboratory? CHECK FOUR (4) BOXES.*
Routine hematology
Qualitative platelet determination
Quantitative platelet determination
Immunology
KOH, Gram-staining
Culture and sensitivity
Routine chemistry
Crossmatching
Special chemistry
Special hematology including coagulation procedures

A computer system includes three major components: hardware, software, and people.

Hardware components are the physical pieces of equipment.

Software is a set of instructions written in computer language that tells the computer how to operate and manipulate the data.

The people interface with the hardware to enter the data that are manipulated by the software. Just as there are many different kinds of people who enter data, so there are many different kinds of hardware and software.

Components of an information system consist of all of the following except:*
Hardware
Software
Validation
People

The transmission of patient information from the HIS into the blood bank system

An example of INTERFACE software functionality is:*
The entry of blood components into the blood bank database
The transmission of patient information from the HIS into the blood bank system
The printing of a workload report
Preventing access to the system by an unauthorized

Kept confidential

User passwords should be:*
Shared with others
Kept confidential
Posted at each terminal
Never changed

Planning, organizing, directing, controlling
= While managing may involve all of the functions listed, the four core processes for all managers are planning, organizing, directing, and controlling.
= Planning includes formulating of goals and objectives, organizing the tasks, and establishing schedules.
= Organizing includes establishing effective communication, relationships, job descriptions, and training.
= Directing involves oversight of the various steps and stages of the plan, including coordination and leadership.
= Controlling involves evaluating resource utilization and outcomes, managing costs, and modifying the process to improve quality.

The four essential functions of a manager are:*
Staffing, decision making, cost analysis, evaluating
Directing, leading, forecasting, implementing
Planning, organizing, directing, controlling
Innovating, designing, coordinating, problem-solving

Disinfect area, remove gloves, remove lab coat, wash hands
= According to the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Rule of 1992, gloves and lab coats are to be removed after disinfection of the work area.

All of these
= The MSDS documents describe the chemical and physical characteristics, safe handling and storage, and potential health hazards of reagents used in the laboratory. These documents must be located in an easily accessible place so that all employees have access to them. They should be reviewed at least once per year during safety in service training.

To protect laboratory staff
= Legislation on chemical hazard precautions, such as state "right-to-know" laws, and OSHA document 29 CFR 1910 set the standards for chemical hazard communication (HAZCOM) and determine the types of documents that must be on file in a laboratory.

The OSHA hazard communication standard, the "RIGHT-TO-KNOW" rule, is designed:*
To avoid lawsuits
To protect laboratory staff
To protect patients
To establish safety standards

All of these

= Six sigma management is a method for measuring the efficiency of a process such as mass production, and it is applied in the clinical laboratory to reduce the frequency of test errors.

The process consists of five steps: define, measure, analyze, improve, and control.

The term “six sigma” denotes a process so precise that six times the standard deviation still results in a useful product (laboratory test result that is within acceptable limits for total allowable error).

"Six sigma" is a method used in industry and business as well as the clinical laboratory in order to:*
Allow for improved performance
Prevent and remove defects in production
Improve customer satisfaction
All of these

Marital status

DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION about the patient in the information database, EXCEPT:*
Name and gender
Age and birth date (DOB)
Referring or attending physician
Marital status

Go to the eye-wash station and rinse the eye thoroughly with water
= When a chemical compound comes into contact with the skin or eyes, the first course of action is to dilute the chemical by flooding it with a large volume of water.

SITUATION: A medical laboratory science student in training accidentally splashed a few drops of an extraction reagent from an enzyme immunoassay kit for group A Streptococcus into her right eye, and felt an immediate burning sensation. What should she do first?*
Locate the MSDS sheet for the EIA test kit
Go directly to the emergency department for treatment
Go to the eye-wash station and rinse the eye thoroughly with water
Report directly to her immediate supervisor

All of these

Certificate of registration as Medical Technologist shall not be required for which of the following?*
Duly registered physicians
MT from other countries called in for consultation or as visiting or exchange professors
Medical technologists in the service of the US Armed Forces stationed in the Philippines
All of these

All of these

Qualification for Medical Technologist examination:*
Good health and good moral character
Completed a course of at least four (4) years leading to the degree of BSMT/ PH
Graduated from some other profession and has been actually performing medical technology for the last (5) years prior to the date of the examinations, if such performance began prior to June 21, 1969
All of these

All of these

In cases where the screening drug-testing laboratory is a division, section, or unit of a Clinical Laboratory, it shall be headed by:*
Licensed physician
Medical technologist
Pharmacist
Chemist, chemical engineer
All of these

One year
= ADDITIONAL DRUG TESTING MAY BE REQUIRED FOR JUST CAUSE AS IN ANY OF THE FOLLOWING CASES:
After workplace-related accidents, including near miss;
1. Following treatment and rehabilitation to establish fitness for returning to work/resumption of job
2. In the light of clinical findings and/or upon recommendation of the assessment team.

A drug test is valid for _________.*
Three months
Six months
One year
Two years

One year
= Non-hospital based clinical laboratories shall file applications for renewal of LTO beginning on the FIRST DAY OF OCTOBER UNTIL THE LAST DAY OF NOVEMBER of the current year.

The LICENSE TO OPERATE (LTO) issued to the CLINICAL LABORATORY is valid for:*
One year
Two years
Three years
Six months

Three years
= Beginning on January 1 of the first year of the validity period to December 31 of the third year of the validity period.

LICENSE TO OPERATE (LTO) Blood Service Facilities is valid for a period of ____ years.*
One year
Two years
Three years
Six years

Thermorolerant (fecal) coliforms

= THERMOTOLERANT (FECAL) COLIFORMSColiform organisms which grow at 44 or 44.5 C and ferment lactose to produce acid and gas

Coliform organisms which grow at 44 or 44.5 C and ferment lactose to produce acid and gas:*
Fecal streptococi
Thermorolerant (fecal) coliforms
Heterotrophic organisms
Total coliforms

2

= For the diagnostic evaluation of PTB, two (2) sputum specimens should be obtained for DSSM.

Same day (spot-spot) strategy using 2 consecutive specimens collected 1-hour apart is recommended for direct Ziehl-Neelsen microscopy.AT LEAST 1 SPUTUM SMEAR POSITIVE IS CONSIDERED BACTERIOLOGICALLY CONFIRMED TB.

According to DOH, for the diagnostic evaluation of PTB, ___ sputum specimens should be obtained for DSSM.*
1
2
3
4

Three-man

The Professional Regulation Commission, otherwise known as the PRC, is a ____-man commission attached to office of the President for general direction and coordination.*
One man
Two-man
Three-man
Four-man

2 parallel screening tests + 1 supplemental confirmatory test
= CURRENT NATIONAL HIV TESTING DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM IN
THE PHILIPPINES
Current HIV testing diagnostic algorithm in the Philippines include screening test from referring labs
*A reactive result from the screening test will be sent to SACCL for confirmatory testing, where 2 parallel screening tests are performed
*A reactive result on either of these tests will then require Western blot and/or nucleic acid test as supplemental confirmatory tests.

PROPOSED RAPID HIV TESTING DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM (rHIVda) FOR THE PHILIPPINES
The Disease Prevention and Control Bureau (DPCB) of DOH, National Reference Laboratory-San Lazaro Hospital/STD AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory (NRL SLH/SACCL), and the HIV National Reference Laboratory of Australia has conducted the research study to develop a rHIVda for the Philippines
*rHIVda, includes 2 immunoassay tests and 3 RDTs for local validation of sensitivity and specificity on general and key population in the country
*Key population includes men who are having sex with men, people in prisons and other closed settings, people who inject drugs, sex workers, and transgender men and women

Current HIV testing diagnostic algorithm in the Philippines include screening test from referring labs:*
3 parallel screening tests
2 parallel screening tests + 1 supplemental confirmatory test
1 screening test + 1 confirmatory test
2 parallel screening tests + 2 confirmatory tests

Pre-test counselling

A process of providing an individual information on the biomedical aspects of HIV/AIDS and emotional support to any psychological implications of undergoing HIV testing and the test result itself BEFORE he/she is subjected to the test:*
Medical confidentiality
Informed consent
Pre-test counselling
Post-test counselling

Post-test counselling

A process of providing risk-reduction information and emotional support to a person who submitted to HIV testing at the time that the test result is released*
Medical confidentiality
Informed consent
Pre-test counselling
Post-test counselling

Boyfriend of the person who submiited herself to test
= RA 8504
ALL RESULTS OF HIV/AIDS TESTING SHALL BE CONFIDENTIAL AND SHALL BE RELEASED ONLY TO THE FOLLOWING PERSONS:
o Person who submitted himself/herself to such test
o Either parent of a minor child who has been tested
o Legal guardian in the case of insane persons or orphans
o Person authorized to receive such results in conjunction with the AIDSWATCH program
o Justice of the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court (as provided under Subsection (c) of RA 8504 and on accordance with the provision of Section 16)

= RA 11166
DISCLOSURE OF HIV-RELATED TEST RESULTS:
RESULT OF ANY TEST RELATED TO HIV SHALL BE DISCLOSED BY THE TRAINED SERVICE PROVIDER WHO CONDUCTS PRE-TEST AND POST-TEST COUNSELING TO:
1. Individual who submitted to the test
2. If the patient is <15 years old, an orphan or is mentally incapacitated, the result may be disclosed to either parent, legal guardian or a duly assigned licensed social worker or health worker, whichever is applicable.
3. If the patient is <15 years old and not suffering from any mental incapacity, has given voluntary and informed consent to the procedure, the result of the test shall be disclosed to the child, provided that the child should be given age-appropriate counseling and access to health care and sufficient support services.
4. Person authorized to receive such results in conjunction with the DOH Monitoring Body

According to RA 8504, all results of HIV/AIDS testing shall be confidential and shall be released only to the following persons, EXCEPT:*
Person who submitted himself/herself to such test
Either parent of a minor child who has been tested
Legal guardian in the case of insane persons or orphans
Person authorized to receive such results in conjunction with the AIDSWATCH program
Justice of the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court
Boyfriend of the person who submiited herself to test

San Lazaro Hospital

National Reference Laboratory for HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, Syphilis and other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STls):*
Reasearch Institute for Tropical Medicine
San Lazaro Hospital
East Avenue Medical Center
National Kidney and Transplant Institute
Lung Center of the Philippines

Research Institute for Tropical Medicine

National Reference Laboratory for Dengue, Influenza, Tuberculosis and other Mycobacteria, Malaria and other parasites, Bacterial enteric diseases, Measles and other Viral exanthems, Mycology, Enteroviruses, Antimicrobial resistance and Emerging Diseases; NRL for confirmatory testing of blood units:*
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
San Lazaro Hospital
East Avenue Medical Center
Lung Center of the Philippines
National Kidney and Transplant Institute

Lung Center of the Philippines

National Reference Laboratory for Biochemistry:*
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
San Lazaro Hospital
East Avenue Medical Center
Lung Center of the Philippines
National Kidney and Transplant Institute

East Avenue Medical Center

National Reference Laboratory for Environmental and Occupational Health; Toxicology and Micronutrient Assay:*
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
San Lazaro Hospital
East Avenue Medical Center
Lung Center of the Philippines
National Kidney and Transplant Institute

National Kidney and Transplant Institute

National Reference Laboratory for Hematology including Immunohematology, Immunopathology and Anatomic Pathology:*
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
San Lazaro Hospital
East Avenue Medical Center
Lung Center of the Philippines
National Kidney and Transplant Institute

Ecstacy

Other term for METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA):*
Opium
Marijuana
Shabu
Ecstacy

Shabu

Other term for METHAMPHETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE:*
Opium
Marijuana
Shabu
Ecstacy

Donor

Individual from whom a specimen is collected for drug testing:*
Patient
Donor
Coddler
Pusher

THC, opiates, PCP, cocaine, and amphetamines

A standard 5 PANEL DRUG URINE TEST is the drug test most frequently used by government agencies and private employers. A 5 panel drug test typically tests for:*
THC, opiates and PCP
THC, opiates, PCP, cocaine, and ethanol
THC, opiates, PCP and cocaine
THC, opiates, PCP, cocaine, and amphetamines

Ethanol

All are included in the five (5) panel drug test, EXCEPT:*
Amphetamine
Cocaine
Ethanol
Marijuana

75%

In order to pass the examination, a candidate must obtain a general average of at least ___ in the written test.*
60%
65%
70%
75%

21 years old

Certificate of registration as medical technologist will be issued to successful applicants who attained the age of:*
18 years old
19 years old
20 years old
21 years old

10%

Relative weight of Histopathology and MT Laws in the MT Board Examination:*
10%
20%
35%
65%

Chain of custody

Step-by-step documentation of the handling and testing of legal specimens:*
Turnaround time
Chain of custody
Chain of infection
Standard precaution

Turnaround time

Time from ordering a test through analysis in the laboratory to the charting of the report:*
Turnaround time
Chain of custody
Chain of infection
Standard precaution

Three months

= On March 25, the President signed into law the Bayanihan to Heal as One Act (RA 11469), which is valid for three months unless extended by Congress.

On March 25, 2020, the President signed into law the Bayanihan to Heal as One Act (RA 11469), which is valid for ____ months unless extended by Congress.*
Two months
Three months
Six months
Twelve months

32 sections

RA 5527 consists of:*
30 sections
32 sections
50 sections
52 sections

PD 1534

Which of the following amends RA 5527 on June 11, 1978?*
RA 6138
PD 498
PD 1534

Section 18

All are sections of RA 5527 amended by PD 1534, except:*
Section 3
Section 8
Section 13
Section 18

Clinical Microscopy

Minor subject (10%) in the MT Board Exam:*
Clinical Chemistry
Hematology
Immunology, Serology & Blood Banking
Clinical Microscopy

Third time

Refresher course for applicants who have failed the Board Examination for the ___ time.*
First time
Second time
Third time
Fourth time

Unanimous vote (3/3)

Revocation:*
Unanimous vote (3/3)
Majority vote (2/3)

Majority vote (2/3)

Suspension:*
Unanimous vote (3/3)
Majority vote (2/3)

Potassium

Part of drinking water analysis, except:*
Calcium
Fecal coliform test
Sodium
Potassium

DOH

License and accredit drug testing centers in each province and city:*
DOH
PDEA
PNP
PRC

Use of clinical laboratory science to promote life and benefit mankind

Fill in the blank (Code of Ethics): Be dedicated to ____.*
Fairness to all and in a spirit of brotherhood toward other members of the profession
Law and shall not participate in illegal work
Responsibilities inherent to being a professional
Use of clinical laboratory science to promote life and benefit mankind

RA 10912

Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016:*
RA 7719
RA 9288
RA 10912
RA 7170

WHO
= WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
PUBLISHED STANDARDS FOR:
1. GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE (GMP) 1999
2. GOOD CLINICAL PRACTICE (GCP) 1995
3. GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE (GLP) 2001

Published standards for GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE:*
CDC
DOH
PRC
WHO