AAPC Med Term/Anatomy/PathoPhysio 3 #bf9eea

What is cellular respiration?

The breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.

What does respiration refer to?

The process of breathing.

What is the primary function of the upper respiratory system?

To allow air to be taken in, warmed, purified, and dampened.

What does the term 'eupnea' mean?

Normal respiratory rate where the patient is oblivious to their breathing pattern.

What is dyspnea?

Forced or difficult breathing, often connected to hypoventilation.

What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

A chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs.

What is pneumothorax?

When air leaks into the space between the lungs and chest wall, causing the lung to collapse.

Define emphysema.

A condition where the air sacs in the lungs become damaged, reducing the surface area available for gas exchange.

What is the function of the diaphragm during inspiration?

The diaphragm contracts and moves in descending motion to allow the lungs to expand.

What are bronchioles?

Small tubes that form as the bronchi decrease in size and lead to alveolar ducts and alveoli.

What is the difference between acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

ARF is often reversible impairment of kidney function, whereas CKD is a progressive condition that often leads to end-stage renal disease.

What is hydronephrosis?

Dilation of the kidney and renal pelvis due to an obstruction causing excess fluid accumulation.

What is the role of the prostate gland in males?

It surrounds the neck of the bladder and urethra and secretes a portion of the seminal fluid.

What is the common condition called when one or both testes do not descend into the scrotum?

Cryptorchidism.

Define 'hematuria'.

Blood in the urine.

What is the role of the fallopian tubes?

To transport the ovum from the ovaries to the uterus.

What does the term 'dysuria' refer to?

Difficult or painful urination.

What is gynec/o used to denote?

A prefix related to women, often used in terms related to female reproductive health.

What is a common symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Joint pain and stiffness, especially in the morning.

What is a key characteristic of asthma?

Reversible airflow obstruction due to bronchial hyperreactivity.

What are the main components of the respiratory system?

The upper respiratory system (nose, pharynx, larynx) and the lower respiratory system (trachea, bronchi, lungs).