AG 1445 Final Bruner

In the egg, the _________ __________ surrounds and protects the yolk.

Vitelline membrane

The _____________ of a foodstuff involves both taste and texture.

Palatability

The most abundant protein in milk is called:

Casein

About 25% of swine production in the US occurs in which state:

Iowa

The largest population of beef cattle in the US is in :

Texas

After their egg laying days are over , spent or retired breeders enter the poultry meat market as what class of birds?

Heavy Hens

Most commercial laying hens in the US are of which breed?

Single-comb White Leghorns

The per capita egg production in the US is about:

250 eggs/year

The egg white may also be known as the :

Albumen

The average dressing percentage for commercial hogs in the US is:

75%

To be labeled as __________ , each segment of the production system must be certified by the USDA.

Organic

The average annual milk production from a dairy cow in the US is :

23,000 lbs/year

The physical process that results in a stable emulsification of fat milk fat globules and prevents separation of milk fat is called?

Homogenization

Failure of both testes to descend into the scrotum is a condition known as :

Cryptochidism

The testes of the stallion lie in a(n) ______________ plane/angle.

Horizontal

A typical ejaculate from a mature boar will contain _____________ of fluid.

150 to 250 ml

Over 90% of the testicular mass is made up of :

Seminiferous Tubules

LH stimulates the Leydig cells to produce:

Testosterone

_______________ are chemical substances produced by endocrine glands that have effects on cells or tissues in other parts of the body.

Hormones

The external genitalia of the cow are the clitoris and the:

Vulva

LH stimulates the ______________ cells of the testes to produce testosterone.

Leydig

The ____________ is the funnel shaped structure that "catches" the ovum after ovulation.

Infundibulum

Most of the estrogen circulating in the female body is produced in the ______________.

Ovary

A mature follicle just prior to ovulation is called a ___________ ____________.

Graafian Follicle

Cells of the corpus luteum produce a hormone called :

Progesterone

Fertilization occurs in the ____________ of the cow.

Oviduct

The gestation of the sow is :

114 days

The __________ is a duct that connects the epididymis to the urethra of the penis.

Vas Deferens

During the estrous cycle a surge of ___________ causes ovulation.

Lutenizing Hormone (LH)

_______________ maintains pregnancy by suppressing the estrous cycle and maintaining the quiescent state of the reproductive tract.

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

The period of time when the female is receptive to the male is known as :

Estrus

The first milk after birth is called what?

Colostrum

The __________ are the basic milk producing units in the udder.

Alveoli

Oxytocin stimulates the ___________ cells of the alveoli to contract.

Myoepithelial

Prolactin stimulates the ______________ cells of the alveoli to synthesize new milk.

Epithial

The percentage of fat present in milk ___________ as the stages of lactation progress.

Increases

The chemical substances found in feedstuffs that can be used, and are necessary, for the maintenance, production, and health of animals are known as :

Nutrients

The makeup and amount of feed that an animal receives over a 24-hour period is known as the animal's :

Ration

Simple proteins are made up of :

Amino Acids

Chemical elements that are required by the body in small amounts are called:

Microminerals

In ruminants the ___________ is often called the true stomach.

Abomasum

Regurgitation and remastication are parts of the _____________ process.

Rumination

The process of of removing gas from the rumen is known as :

Eruction

The only nutrient class that contains nitrogen is :

Proteins

______________ are easily digested nutrients that are high in energy.

Simple Carbohydrates

Bermuda grass hay is classified as a :

Roughage

If a chemical or nutritional analysis is performed on two identical samples of a feedstuff, one on an As-fed basis and the other on a Dry Matter basis, the Crude Protein content will be ________________ for the Dry Matter analysis.

Higher

The amount of a specific nutrient that is required to meet an animal's minimum need for maintenance, growth, reproduction, lactation and work is known as the :

Nutritional Requirement

_______________ are nutrients that contain elements other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

Minerals

Name four fat soluble vitamins.

A, B, D, K

Name 2 gases that are commonly produced during fermentation in the rumen.

Carbon Dioxide and Ammonia

What does BSE stand for?

Breeding Soundness Exam