Angielski sem4

Employee Capital Plans

one of polish voluntary funded pension scheme in which participant receives a welcome payment of PLN 250.

voluntary funded pension scheme

an additional pension scheme for e.g. PPK, IKE, IKZE

Pension Scheme

a system in which an employer, insurance company etc provides workers with a pension after they have made regular payments into the scheme over many years

surcharge

money paid in addition to the basic price, amount of something investment fund companies

Social Insurance Institution

an organization which managed general pension scheme in Poland.

Market Value

total value of a company's outstanding shares of stock

Market Sentiment

the general outlook or attitude of investors toward a particular security or the overall financial market

Market Index

Hypothetical portfolio representing a segment of a market

Business performance

company’s ability to profit from its resources and achieve its objectives.

Monetary policy

a set of actions to control a nation's overall money supply and achieve economic growth

Profitability

The ability of a company to generate profit relative to its sales or assets.

Liquidity

The ability of a company to meet its short

Leverage

The extent to which a company uses borrowed funds (debt) to finance its operations and growth

Sustainability

The ability of a business to maintain operations and performance over the long term without financial distress.

Financial ratios

calculations used to analyze a company’s financial health, performance, and risk based on data from financial statements.

European Union

A political and economic union of European countries.

Gender Equality

Equal rights and opportunities for all genders.

Experience

Knowledge gained through involvement or participation.

Longer Educational Paths

Extended education beyond traditional schooling levels.

Societal Support Systems

Structures providing assistance during times of need.

Depreciation

Allocation of the cost of a fixed asset over time.

Civil Law Activities Tax Charged

when buying a used car from a private individual, at a rate of 2% of the vehicle’s value..

Transport Tax

Applies to trucks, buses, and other vehicles over 3.5 tons.

Operating Lease

Rental of a fixed asset where the lease payments are fully deductible as business expenses, provided the car’s value does not exceed 150,000 PLN.

Liability Insurance

Protects against the financial consequences of damages caused to third parties or their property.

Current assets

Resources of a company that are expected to be converted into cash or used up within a short period, typically within one year.

Inventory

the amount of stock, including raw materials, supplies and finished goods, that a company has at a particular time.

Short-term receivables

amounts of money owed to the company by its customers in exchange for goods or services provided.

Operating cycle

the number of days from the moment of incurring expenses for operating activities (e.g. purchase of materials and raw materials in a manufacturing enterprise) until the moment of obtaining revenues from the sale of products or services.

Liquidity

the ability of a company to meet its short-term liabilities using available financial resources, such as cash and current assets.

Real estate market

is all activities carried out between market participants creating demand and supply of real estate.

Rental market

is a part of the real estate market that involves the process of renting out properties, such as apartments, by landlords to tenants for a specified period of time and for a set fee

Rent

giving or taking specific property from someone for a specified period of time for a fee

Inflation

a general, continuous increase in prices

Credit policy

a set of principles that a financial organization or business uses in deciding who it will loan money to or give credit

Market-driven approach

focuses on adapting to market condition and customer needs

Public- private partnerships

a long-term agreement between a government and a private company.

Mortgage rates

interest rate charged on a mortgage loan

Municipalties

a town or district that has local government.

Sustainable urban planning

the practice of designing cities to be environmentally friendly, socially inclusive, and economically viable.

New housing stock

newly built homes added to the total supply of housing.

The labor market

the supply of workers and the demand for jobs in an economy.

Subsidized housing programs

government-supported housing that helps low

Lower-income people

individuals or groups who earn less money than the average in a society.

Stimulate the market

to encourage economic activity and increase buying and selling.

Investing

putting money into something (like stocks or property) to try to earn more money over time.

Stock

a share in the ownership of a company. When you buy a stock, you own part of that company.

Bond

a type of financial instrument; a type of loan you make to a company or government, the loan is later repaid with interest.

Risk

the probability of loss on an investment

Diversification

investing in different things to reduce the chance of losing money.

Behavioral finance

the study of the influence of psychology on the behavior of investors or financial practitioners.

Economic theories

the ideas and principles that aim to describe how economies work. Maximise profits

Sunk cost

money that has already been spent and cannot be recovered.

Risk aversion

the state of being unwilling to take risks or wanting to avoid risks as much as possible.

Glass ceiling

an invisible barrier that prevents people from advancing in their careers, especially women.

Gender pay gap

an indicator showing the difference between the amounts of money paid to women and men.

Inexplained pay gap

the portion of the pay gap between men and women that remains after accounting for other factors. These factors include job title, education, experience, and workplace location.

Implementation

this is integrated with the current program, system.

Unadjusted pay gap

the difference between the average pay of men and women, expressed as a percentage of men's pay.

Subsidy

financial help from the government to support individuals, businesses, or institutions.

Health insurance contribution

a required payment to fund healthcare services, usually taken from income.

Insufficiently

to a degree that is not enough or not adequate.

Unfavorable

not beneficial; causing difficulties or disadvantages.

Economic profitability

the ability of a company or investment to generate profits in relation to the assets used

Gross profitability

the profit generated before deducting taxes and other non

Net profitability

the profits obtained after taxes and additional expenses

Financial profitability

analyzes the return on equity or shareholders’ capital

indicator of profitability

a financial metric that measures how well a company generates profits compared to its expenses