AP Lang - Syntax

Syntax :: The arrangement of words in a sentence

Parallelism :: similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases or clauses * She made a pastry that was ==sweet, fluffy and delicate==
Climax :: repetition of the last words of one clause or sentence at the beginning of a text. building importance of an idea * Miss America was not so much interested in serving herself as she was eager to serve ==her family, her community and her nation==
Anti-Climax :: arrangement of words in decreasing importance *
Antithesis :: juxtaposition of words or ideas * it cant be ==wrong== if it feels so ==right==
Anaphora :: repetition of the same word or phrase and the beginning of successive clauses * ==this== hate, ==this== anger, ==this== rage, …
Epistrophe :: ending a series of line, phrases clauses or sentences with eh same line/word * what lies behind ==us==, before ==us== and within ==us==
Apposition :: addition of adjacent coordinate explanatory or descriptive element * Albert Einstein, ==perhaps the greatest of scientist==, didn’t figure out the physics of hair combing
Juxtaposition :: placement of to contrasting idea next to each other for effect * ==bittersweet== * overarching umbrella containing antithesis, oxymoron, and others

Simple Sentence :: one i@@ndependent clause@@, no dependent clause * @@Joe waited for the train@@ * one subject and verb
Compound Sentence :: multiple @@independent clauses@@, no dependent clauses * @@The clown frightened the girl, and she ran off screaming@@
Complex Sentence :: a sentence with one @@independent clause@@ and one ^^dependent clause^^ * ^^After she added up the profi^^t, @@she realized she was 52 cents short@@
Complex-Compound Sentence :: multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent * ^^Though Mitchell prefers watching romantic films^^, @@he rented the latest spy thriller, and he enjoyed it very much@@
Periodic sentence :: long and involved sentence marked by suspended syntax and is not completed until the final word * the proper place in a sentence for the word or group of words that the writer desires to make the most prominent is usually the end
Loose sentence :: @@main clause@@ is followed by a ^^subordinate clause^^ * @@I went to the movies yesterday@@, ^^bought candy, and shopped at the mall^^
Cumulative sentence :: @@independent clause@@ followed by a series of s^^ubordinate clauses^^ * @@The brilliant assembly filed past us@@, ^^the marshals with their batons and ceremonial red hats, the professors draped in their doctoral hoods, the graduates in somber black that contrasted with their jubilant mood.^^