Herpetology Laboratory Midterms

Large ventral plates

• Smaller body size

• Lower & more oblique ridges in front of eyes

• Few but large post-occipital scales

Large ventral plates

• Smaller body size

• Lower & more oblique ridges in front of eyes

• Few but large post-occipital scales

Crocodylus mindorensis

• Without large ventral plates

• Larger body size

• Less lower & more oblique ridges in front of eyes

• Many but fine post-occipital scales

Crocodylus porosus

intergular

gular

humeral

pectoral

abdominal

femoral

anal

cervical

marginals

pleural

vertebral

Pelodiscus sinensis; invasive

eretmochelys imbricata/hawksbill

green turtle - Chelonia mydas

Olive ridley - Lepidochelys olivacea

loggerhead - caretta caretta

dermochelys coriacea

1. rostral

2. Nasal

3. prefontal

4. supraoculars

5. frontoparietal

6. interparietal

7. upper secondary temporal

8. nuchals

9. parietal

10. frontal

11. frontonasal

12. supranasal

• Limbs vary from strong to vestigial rods or absent

• Have round pupils

• Upper surface of head covered with symmetrical shields

Squamata: Lacertilia

Tropidophorus grayi; Lacertilia

Very keeled

Eutropis multicarinata; Lacertilia

Moderately keeled

Brachymeles orientalis; Lacertilia

Smooth

Cyrtodactylus annulatus; Lacertilia

Grainy/granular

1. Triangular heads

2. Keeled scales

3. Long tail

4.Well Developed Limbs

mid dorsal crest

Squamata: Agamidae

1. Triangular heads

2. Keeled scales

3. Long tail

4.Well Developed Limbs

Agamidae: Draco spp.

Agamidae: Bronchocoela spp.

Super long tail, 3x the SVL

.

Agamidae: Hydrosaurus pustulatus. male, dako ug fin, continued scale

Agamidae: Hydrosaurus pustulatus. female; gamay ug tail, discontinued scale

Agamidae: Gonocephalus spp.

Genetically diverse but morphologically wise, no differences

1. G. semperi - mindoro

2. G. sophiae - visayan paic

3. G. interruptus - mindanao

Dibamus cf. leucurus
smooth shiny scale (top)
enlarged rostral scale for burrowing (left)

Other

characteristics:

• Elongate body

• Nearly limbless lizard

• Hindlimbs reduced to small scaly flaps

• Forelimbs and pectoral girdles absent

Lacertilia

Family Dibamidae

Lacertilia Family Dibamidae

Difference from a typhloph?

• Presence of eyelids

• Differences in ventral scales

• Have ear holes

Pseudogekko pungkaypinit; dilated digits
Lacertilia: Gekkonidae

Cyrtodactylus annulatus
Lacertilia: Gekkonidae

• Scales almost always small, comprising soft skin or granulated

• Tail is very fragile (autotomy)

• Large eyes with movable eyelids

Lacertilia: Gekkonidae

cylindrical body

medium length tails

Conical heads

Lacertilia

Family Scincidae

• Limbs vary from strong to vestigial rods or absent

• Have round pupils

• Upper surface of head covered with symmetrical

shields

Lacertilia

Family Scincidae

Dasia

1= Rostral, 2= frontonasal, 3= prefrontal, 4= supraoculars, 5= frontoparietal, 6=Pareital, 7= interparietal, 8= frontal

Sphenomorphus

1= Rostral, 2= frontonasal, 3= prefrontal, 4= supraoculars, 5= frontoparietal, 6=Pareital, 7= interparietal, 8= frontal

Eutropis

1= Rostral, 2= frontonasal, 3= prefrontal, 4= supraoculars, 5= frontoparietal, 6=Pareital, 7= interparietal, 8= frontal,
9= supranasal

Presence of supranasal compared to dasia and spheno

Tropidophorus sp.

SCINCIDAE: Tropidophorus sp

1= Rostral, 2= frontonasal, 3= prefrontal, 4= supraoculars, 5= frontoparietal, 6=Pareital, 7= interparietal, 8= frontal,
9= supranasal

• Strong powerful tails

• Small head scales (water monitors)

• Bifid tongue

• Body with granules

Lacertilia

Family Varanidae

enlarged head scale

Other characteristics:

Blunt teeth

Large caecum

Lacertilia

Family Varanidae

Varanus olivaceus

Forest Monitor - bicol peninsula

slit-like nostril

Varanus cumingi

Water Monitor - Mindanao

rounded nostril

Pareidae: Aplopeltura boa’ cranial crest

SERPENTES (OPHIDIA):

1. Loreale

2. Prefrontals

3. Preoculars

4. Supralabial

5. Frontale

6. Postoculars

7. Temporals

8. Parietals - pinkish purple

Opisthotrophis alcali

1. Temporal

2. Parietal

3. Frontale

4. Prefrontal

5. Internasals

Opisthotrophis alcali

1. Preoculars

2. Postoculars

Colubridae: NACTRICINAE
Opisthotrophis alcali

Colubridae: AHAETULLINAE

Ahaetulla

Lamprophiidae: Cyclocorinae
Oxyrhabdium sp.

Lamprophiidae: Cyclocorinae

Oxyrhabdium leporinum leporinum

Family: Viperidae
Trimeresurus sp.

Not keeled; heat sensing pits

Scincidae: Subfamilies

• Sphenomorphinae:

1.) Sphenomorphus

2.) Parvoscincus

3.) Pinoyscincus

4.) Tropidophorus

• Scincinae: Brachymeles

• Mabuyinae: Eutropis

1. V. c. cumingi

2. V. C. Samarensis

3. V. Marmoratus

4. V. Palawanensis

5. V. Salvator

6. V. Bangonorum

7. V. Dalubhasa

8. V. Nuchalis

9. V. Bitatawa - northern luzon

10. V. Olivaceus - bicol peninsula

Mabitang is in Panay

1. Jareckii - batan Island

2. Spilopterus - luzon

3. Reticulatus - bohol, lapinin, leyte, samar

4. Ornatus - bohol, dinagat, mindanao, leyte, samar

5. Mindanensis - dinagat, Mindanao, leyte, samar

6. Cyanopterus - mindanao

7. Guentheri - sulu

8. Bimaculatus - sulu, mindanao

9. Palawanensis - palawan

10. Quadrasi - mindoro