Animals + Invertebrates

Animals are ___________ more than one cell

multi-cellular

Animals are _________ eat other organisms for energy

hetrotrophs

animals reproduce

sexually

The first cell produced after a sperm fertilizes an egg

zygote

A zygote divides through mitosis and creates a

blastula

What is a hollow ball of cells?

blastula

Blastulas continue to divide and indent and forms a

gastrula

The opening of the gastrula forms a

blastopore

A protosome forms the _________ first

mouth

A deutrosome forms the _________ first

anus

What are the three germ layers

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

Endoderm forms?

digestive tract and respiratory system

Mesoderm forms?

muscles, circulatory, reproductive, and excretory systems

Ectoderm forms?

sense organs, nerves, and skin

A body cavity filled with fluid, internal organs are suspended and also allows for specialized organs?

Coelom

Acoelomate?

no interior lining/ body cavity

Pseudocoelomate?

partial interior lining

Coelomate?

most complex, fully lined

3 types of symmetry

asymmetric, bilateral symmetry, radial symmetry

Asymmetric

no symmetry (bivalve, sponge)

Bilateral Symmetry

the organism has a ventral, dorsal, anterior, posterior sides

Radial Symmetry

when body parts radiate from a central point only have a ventral and dorsal side (cnidarians, echinoderms)

____________ is when the majority if the sense organs are in the anterior end on an organism

Cephalization

Vetrebrates

have a backbone (cordates)

Invertebrates

don’t have a backbone (exoskeleton or hydrostatic skeleton)

Phylums (simple to most complex)

Porifera, Cnidarian, Plathelmeithes, Nematoda, Molluska, Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinoderma, Chordata

Phylum Porifera

simplest, sponges

Phylum Cnidaria

jellyfish, sea anemone, sand dollar

Phylum Platyhelminthes

flatworm

Phylum Nematoda

round worm

Phylum Rotifera

Rotifers

Phylum Annelida

segmented worms (leeches, earthworms)

Phylum Molluska

soft bodied

Molluska, Class Univalva/Gastropods

1 shell (snails, slugs)

Molluska, Class bivalve

2 shells (mussels, clams)

Molluska, Class cephalopods

tentacles (squid, octopus)

Phylum Anthropoda

exoskeleton

Anthropoda, Class Arachnids

8 legged

Anthropoda, Class Insecta

6 legged

Anthropoda, class crustaceans

(claws) crab, shrimp

Phylum Echinoderm

spiny skin (starfish, sand dollar)

Phylum Cordata

vertebrates

Cordata, Agnatha

jawless fish (eels)

Cordata, Chondrichytes

cartilage fish (sharks)

Cordata, Class Osteichthyes

bony fish (samon, trout)

Cordata, Amphibia

need water to reproduce, have moist skin (frogs, salamanders)

Cordata, class reptilia

can live on land, scales (lizards, snakes, crocodiles)

Cordata, class aves

feathers, and wings (birds)

Cordata, class mammalia

hair, live birth, nurse young

Cordata, class mammalia (monotremes)

lays eggs (platypus)

Cordata, class mammalia (marsupials)

pouch (kangaroos)

Cordata, class mammalia (placental)

baby is connected to mom by a placenta

Earthworms are in the class ________________. They have a _____________ skeleton. They have both male and female parts ______________.

oligochaete, hydrostatic, hermaphrodites

Digestive system in the order that food passes through them starting with the mouth.

Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Crop, Gizzard, Intestines, Anus

Earthworm: Prostomium

covers and protects the mouth

Earthworm: Cuticle

non-cellular protective layer

Earthworm: Nephridia

collects and excretes nitrogen waste

Earthworm: clitellum

A band at the anterior end of the worm used in reproduction

Earthworm: setae

Bristles that grip the ground

Earthworms: ovaries

produce eggs

Earthworms: testes

produce sperm

Earthworm: female genital pore

opening that release eggs

Earthworm: sperm grove

Carries sperm from the genital pore to the clitellum

Earthworm: seminal vesicle

Stores sperm until released during mating

Earthworm: Seminal Receptacle

stores sperm received from the mating

Earthworm: Aortic Arches

Pumps blood through the closed circulatory system

Earthworm: Crop

Temporary storage organ of soil

Earthworm: gizzard

Location where soil is ground and mashed

Earthworm: typhlosole

Increases the surface area in the intestines

Earthworm: ganglia

Central nerve center

Earthworm: intestines

Absorbs nutrients from soil

Earthworm: parts of the circulatory system

aortic arches, blood vessel

Earthworm: parts of the nervous system

ganglia, nerve cord