Unit 4 Review Comp Prin

public key

public key

public and can be shared widely (encryption)

private key

should be known only to the owner (decryption)

how does internet transfer data?

Data sent over the internet is called a message, but before messages get sent, they're broken up into tinier parts called packets. These messages and packets travel from one source to the next using Internet Protocol (IP) and Transport Control Protocol (TCP)

1. sender computer

2. router(with IP address)

3. TCP

4. Router (with IP address)

5. receiver computer (both have HTTP and IP addresses)

symmetric encryption

use the same key for both encryption and decryption

asymmetric encryption

use the different key for encryption and decryption, using private and public keys

internet

• general

• net wold of independent but connected devices

• email, mobile apps, text, file transfers

world wide web

• uses HTML (Hyper text markup language)

• interpreted by HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol)

• browser to browser limited

cloud

• computer farms

• tens of thousands of computers work together on a problem

bit

single unit of data that can only have one of two values. We usually represent the two values as 0 (off) and 1 (on)

byte

eight bits

binary sequence

also called a bitstream) is a string of ones and zeros

bandwidth

the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, in bits per second

redundant network

multiple pathways among its physical connections to create redundancy.

open protocols

data is transmitted by it

standardize communication, so all data is sent by the same rules for sending and receiving the data

router

a computer that passes information from one network to another

connection points between networks

ISP (Internet Service Provider)

Internet Service Provider

provide the Internet to different communities

typically within a large organization (such as a university), the Internet connections are provided by the organization itself

Path

sequence of directly connected computing devices that connect a sender to a receiver

Routing

process of finding a path from sender to receiver

Scalability

ability of the Internet to keep working as it grows

Redundancy

inclusion of back-up elements in case one part fails

Fault Tolerance

ability of a system to work around problems

Protocol

set of rules that specify the behavior of a system

IP address

32 bits

a unique number assigned to each device on a computer network

packet

a small chunk of any kind of data (text, numbers, lists, etc.) and metadata (information about the data) that is passed through the Internet as a data stream

packet switching

the Internet sends short bursts of information, not long continuous strings

IP

(Internet Protocol) The routers at every connection point on the Internet run IP, which transmits packets from one IP address to another

lets your computer pretend it has a direct connection to another computer.

TCP

(Transmission Control Protocol) The computers (including servers) at the two endpoints of a communication run TCP, which guarantees that packets arrive successfully.

lets your computer pretend it has a reliable connection to the other computer.

domain name

a human-readable way

hierarchy

an arrangement with the biggest category at the top and subcategories below, like a triangle of locating an Internet site

domain name system (DNS)

an Internet protocol for translating domain names to IP addresses