Chemistry- Organic

Combustion

Combustion

Produces Co2 and H2O

Subsitution

replace one atom with another atom or group of atoms

• for saturated hydrocarbons;alkanes

Addition

Adding one or more atoms or groups to an unsaturated hydrocarbons at site of double or triple bond

Esterifaction

• organic acid + alcohol —→ ester + water

• to name; use alkyl group and end in -oate

• fats deprived this way

Saponification

• ester + base (NaOH)—→ alcohol + soap

Fermentation

• sugars are broken down by yeast to produce Co2 and alcohol

• yeast=zymase

Polymerization

• monomers- polymers

• condensation polymerization

• sub n

Halide or hydrocarbon

• end in 0

• number used to identify carbon in chain in which halogen is attached

Alcohols

• not basic

• contains OH

• ends in -anol

• number in front of name

Ethers

• oxygen bonded between 2 hydrocarbon chains

• in alphabetic order

• ends in ether

Aldehydes

• an oxygen atom bonded to the terminal

• C=0 group

• ends in -anal

Ketones

• Double bonded C=0 on terminal carbon

• ends in anone

Organic Acids

• H is attached to the oxygen in the carboxyl group

• COOH

• ends in -anoic acid

Esters

• water is removed

• ester link

• C=0-0 (bent)

Amines

• H atoms are replaced by hydrocarbon groups

• ends in -amine

• add N

Amides

• ends in amide

• functional group at end of hydrocarbon chain