________ hypothesised that if light was shown to have particle properties, then particles should also have wave- like properties, and he wrote an equation relating the wavelength (2) of an object to its momentum (m):
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Pair production
________ is where a photon is converted into an equal amount of matter and antimatter.
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photoelectric equation
The ________ is E= hf= + Ek (max) and it shows the relationship.
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Strangeness
________ is a property of particles, which shows that strange particles must be created.
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Annihilation
________ is where a particle and its corresponding antiparticle collide, as a result their masses are converted into energy.
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Isotopes
________ are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of.
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hadrons
All particles are either ________ or leptons.
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photoelectric effect
The ________ is where photoelectrons are emitted from the surface of a metal after light above a certain frequency is shone on it.
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gravity
There are four fundamental forces: ________, electromagnetic, weak nuclear and strong.
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e
Where is the stopping potential and ________ is the charge of an electron.
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Baryons
________ are formed of 3 quarks, antibaryons are formed of 3 antiquarks while mesons are formed from a quark and antiquark.
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muon
A(n) ________ is sometimes known as a "heavy electron, "and ________ decay into electrons.
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radioactive isotope
Example, carbon- 14 is a(n) ________ of carbon, which can be used to find the approximate age of an object containing organic material.
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single photon
Each electron can absorb a(n) ________, therefore a photoelectron is only emitted if the frequency is above the threshold frequency.
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UV
When they de- excite they release photons, most of which are in the ________ range.
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⚫EM waves
________ travel in discrete packets called photons, which have an energy which is directly proportional to frequency.
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Quarks
________ are combined to form baryons and mesons.
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Fluorescent tubes
________ are filled with mercury vapour, across which a high voltage is applied.
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Ionisation
________ occurs if the energy of the free electron is greater than.
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potential difference
The stopping potential is the ________ you would need to apply across the metal.
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free electrons
The ________ collide with the mercury atoms, causing them to become excited.
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amount of diffraction
When the momentum is increased, the wavelength will decrease, and therefore the ________ decreases, so the concentric rings of the interference pattern become closer.
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strong nuclear force
The ________ (SNF) keeps nuclei stable by counteracting the electrostatic force of repulsion between protons in the nucleus (as they have the same charge)
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original energy level
If an electron becomes excited, it will quickly return to its ________ (the ground.
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de excite
The (phosphorous) fluorescent coating on the inside of the tube, absorbs these UV photons and therefore electrons in the atoms of the coating become excited and ________ releasing photons of visible light.
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Unstable nuclei
________ are those which have too many of either protons, neutrons or both causing the SNF to not be enough to keep them stable, therefore these nuclei will decay in order to become stable.
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Hadrons
________ can be further separated into baryons, antibaryons and mesons.
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Strangeness
________ must only be conserved during strong interactions.
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