Solutions and Acid-Base Chemistry Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing solutions and acid-base chemistry concepts.

Acids taste ____, are electrolytes, and turn blue litmus paper ____.

sour, red

Bases taste ____, are electrolytes, and turn red litmus paper ____.

bitter, blue

Metals form in water and nonmetals form in water.

bases, acids

Salts are compounds which are electrolytes. Salts have melting points.

ionic, high

What is the pH range of the pH scale at 25°C?

0 to 14

On the pH scale, 0 is strongly , 14 is strongly , and 7 is _.

acidic, basic, neutral

Pure water at 25°C has a pH of what?

7

An Arrhenius acid gives ____ ions in aqueous solution.

hydrogen

An Arrhenius base gives ____ ions in aqueous solution.

hydroxide

A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a proton _.

donor

A Brønsted-Lowry base is a proton _.

acceptor

What quantitative measure determines the strength of an acid?

Acid dissociation constant, Ka

What products are produced in the reaction of an acid with a base?

water, a salt/ionic compound

Salts consist of an from an acid and a from a base.

anion, cation

Salts of strong acid-strong base reactions produce what type of solutions with water?

neutral

Salts of strong acid-weak base reactions produce what type of solutions with water?

acidic

Salts of weak acid-strong base reactions produce what type of solutions with water?

basic

Solutions that resist changes in pH are called ____ solutions.

buffer

What is the chemical formula for Hydrochloric acid?

HCl

What is the chemical formula for Tin(II) hydroxide?

Sn(OH)2

What is the chemical formula for Sodium hydrogen carbonate?

NaHCO3

What is the chemical formula for Ammonia?

NH3

What is the chemical formula for Lithium chloride?

LiCl

What is the chemical formula for Nitrous acid?

HNO2

What is the chemical formula for Tin(IV) sulfide?

SnS2

What is the chemical formula for Carbonic acid?

H2CO3

What is the chemical formula for Barium hydroxide?

Ba(OH)2

What is the chemical formula for Chlorous Acid?

HClO2

Write the equation for the self-ionization of water.

H2O + H2O ⇄ H3O+ + OH– or H2O ⇄ H+ + OH–

What is a titration?

The process used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution.

In a titration, how do you determine which indicator to use?

The indicator you choose should change color as close to the equivalence point as possible.

What equation do you use for titrations when the acid and base react in a 1:1 mole ratio?

MaVa=MbVb

What equation do you use for titrations when the acid and base do not react in a 1:1 mole ratio?

2MaVa=MbVb