CD8

Why does Pollak believe that Female Crime statistics are Inaccurate?

There were certain crimes, such as shoplifting, that females were more likely to commit and were likely to go unreported.

What Crimes are Females more likely to Commit?

Shoplifting

What is the Chivalry Thesis?

Refers to the code followed by knights in medieval times, which involved such gentlemanly behaviour and acts such as rescuing the damsel in distress.

What is the 'Demonisation of Women'?

When women are treated worse by forces of social control.

What does Pat Carlen argue is a Factor in which Women are Treated by the Law?

How closely the women fit the expectations of female behaviour. Those who fit in with traditional gender stereotypes, of being good housewives, were more likely to be treated fairly and leniently.

What does Carol Smart show?

the criminal justice system judges women based on how good they are as mothers.

What is Ethnicity?

The cultural group that a person belongs to.

What does Paul Gilroy say about the Perception of Black People?

Gilroy wrote in the 1970s that the perception of black people being more criminal than white people was a myth.

What does Stuart Hall say about Crime Mugging?

Hall, a black writer, noticed the way that the crime of muggings became a moral panic in the 1970s.

What is Institutional Racism?

A form of racism whereby an organisation's culture and methods of operating are found to be racist throughout.

How can the Stephen Lawrence enquiry be used as Evidence for this?

The police made assumptions about Stephen and his friend based on stereotypes on black people; they were unable to bring the killers to justice.

What was the Macpherson Report?

it delivered a damning assessment of the "institutional racism" within the Metropolitan police and policing generally.

How have the Police combatted the Problem of Racism?

They have tried to encourage people from ethnic minorities to join the police force and make it more representative.

What evidence can be used to show that Black People are targeted more?

The Independent reported in 2015 that members of ethnic minorities were more likely to be stopped and searched by police.

How many Police Officers in London are Ethnic Minorities?

Only 12% of police officers are from ethnic minorities, compared with 40% of the total population.

What do Marxists say about the Police recording Crime?

Marxists would say that the police are less severe on recording corporate crime or white-collar crime compared with street crime or others.

Why might Police not Report all Crimes?

Marxists would say that the crimes committed by the ruling class and even the government are not included as it would damage the ruling class.

What is the Hidden Figure of Crime?

Crimes in that will never be shown in statistics.

What is the Crime Survey?

The main survey done by the government, collecting its data from a mixture of police statistics and victim studies.

What was it called before?

The Crime Survey of England and Wales

What is a Self-Report Survey?

Questionnaire or survey technique that asks subjects to reveal their own participation in delinquent or criminal acts.

Why are these Surveys effective?

They are anonymous.