Med Tech (Quiz 8 long terms)

Cholelithiasis:

Abnormal condition of gallstones.

Cirrhosis:

Chronic disease of the liver with degeneration of liver cells.

Corohis polyposis:

Condition in which polyps protrude from the mucous membrane

lining the colon.

Diving tosis:

Abnormal condition of small pouches or sacs (diverticula) in the wal of the intestine (often the colon). Diverticulitis is inflammation and infection within diverticula.

Gastrosophageal reflux disease (GERD):

A condition in which contents of the stomach flow back into the esophagus.

Hepatitis:

Inflammation of the liver.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD):

Inflammation of the terminal (last) portion of the ileum (Crohn disease) or inflammation of the colon (ulcerative colitis).

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS):

Signs and symptoms are cramping, abdominal bloating, constipation, and diarrhea.

Hepatocellular carcinoma:

Cancer (primary) of the liver.

Jaundice:

Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and other tissues, from high levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream (hyperbilirubinemia).

Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan:

A series of cross-sectional x-ray images that show abdominal organs.

Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI):

Magnetic and radio waves create images of abdominal organs and tissues in all three planes of the body.

Abdominal ultrasonography:

Process of beaming sound waves into the abdomen to produce images of organs, such as the gallbladder.

Barium tests:

X-ray examinations using a liquid barium mixture to locate disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

Cholangiography:

X-ray examination of the bile ducts (CHOLANGI/O-) after the injection of contrast material through the liver

Gastrointestinal endoscopy:

Visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract with an endoscope.

Hemoccult test:

Feces are placed on paper containing the chemical guaiac, which reacts with hidden (occult) blood.

Laparoscopy:

Visual examination of the abdominal cavity through an endoscope inserted in the abdomen.

Liver function test (LPTs):

Measurements of liver enzymes and other substances in the blood.

Stool culture:

Feces (stools) are placed in a growth medium (culture) to test for microorganisms (such as bacteria).

Virtual colonoscopy:

CT scans, MRI, and computers are used to produce two- and three-dimensional images of the colon. Also called CT colonography.

Anastomosis:

Surgical creation of an opening between two gastrointestinal organs.

Colostomy:

Surgical creation of a new opening of the colon to the outside of the body.

Ileostomy:

Surgical creation of a new opening of the ileum to the outside of the body.

Laparoscopic surgery:

Removal of organs or tissues via a laparoscope (instrument inserted into the abdomen through a small incision).