AP Language Rhetorical Vocabulary

Rhetoric

the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing

Rhetorical Appeals

techniques used to persuade an audience by emphasizing what they find most important or compelling. The three major appeals are: ethos, pathos and logos

Ethos

Greek for "character" demonstrate they are credible and trustworthy to speak on a given topic.

Pathos

Greek for "suffering" or "experience" emotionally motivate their audience.

Logos

Greek for "embodied thought" to reason by offering clear, rational ideas, details, examples, facts, etc.

Message

the main idea or position the writer wants to convey to the audience about the subject of a text

Purpose

the goal the writer or speaker of a text wants to achieve

Exigence

Latin for "to drive or demand," the aspects of the rhetorical situation that prompted the writer or speaker to create the text

Context

the circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding the text.

Audience

the listener, viewer or reader of a text

Occasion

the time and place a speech or a piece is written

Tone

a writer or speaker's attitude toward the subject conveyed by stylistic and rhetorical choices.

Claim

an assertion, usually supported by evidence