the when

knowledge, action, attitude, skills

four elements of an effective citizen

thuycidides

historian that wrote about the nicias vs alcibiades debate

nicias

believed that athens shouldn't go to sicily

alcibiades

believed that athens should go to sicily

gibbon

wrote about public virtue

public virtue

a strong interest in the preservation of the free government

loss of public virtue

according to gibbon, why the roman empire fell

direct democracy

type of government xenophon disagreed with

aristocracy

type of government xenophon agreed with

xenophon

thinker that disagreed with athenian direct democracy and thought rule should be by the "best men"

monarchy, aristocracy, democracy

three types of government according to polybus

consul, senate, people

three aspects of the roman government, according to polybus

aristocracy

senate was similar to this type of government

democracy

the people were similar to this type of government

monarchy

the consul was similar to this type of government

polybus

foundations of government thinker that thought that you should divide power into branches and take the best parts of each government

aristocracy, monarchy

good types of government according to cicero

democracy

bad type of government according to cicero

cicero

foundations of government thinker that thought that the best type of government is formed by blending monarchy, democracy, and aristocracy

rousseau

believed that humans were best in their natural state

direct democracy

type of government that rousseau believed in

civilization

what did rousseau believe corrupted society

montesquieu

enlightenment thinker that believed in separation of power

democracy

type of government that montesquieu agreed with

republic

type of government that montesquieu kind of liked

monarchy

type of government that montesquieu did not like

beccarria

believed in liberal ideas about law, specifically about prisons/punishments

locke

founder of modern liberal thought

social contract

locke's philosophy is grounded in this

locke

who viewed the social contract as giving some power to a ruler to give power back to the people

representative government

locke believed in this type of government

hobbes

famous for his social contract theory

hobbes

who viewed social contract as giving absolute power to a ruler

hobbes

believed humans were vile by nature

monarchy

type of government hobbes believed in

first amendment

5 freedoms: speech, press, religion, assembly, petition

second amendment

Right to bear arms

third amendment

No quartering of soldiers

fourth amendment

Protects against unreasonable search and seizure

fifth amendment

prohibits government from forcing individuals to testify against themselves.

sixth amendment

Right to a speedy and public trial

seventh amendment

Right to trial by jury

eighth amendment

No cruel and unusual punishment

ninth amendment

states that people's rights are not limited to just those listed in the Constitution.

tenth amendment

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

direct democracy

what did alexander hamilton disagree with

first amendment

what amendment did alexander hamilton agree with

montesquieu

what enlightenment thinker did madison agree with

separation of power

what did madison argue for

judiciary

what did hamilton argue was for making laws just and fair

independent judiciary

what type of judiciary did hamilton argue for

monarchy

what type of government did sargon believe in

sargon

foundations of government thinker that thought the purpose of government was to maintain order and control