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Election of 1800
A presidential election in which Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent John Adams, marking a significant political shift in the United States.
Majority Electoral Votes
Thomas Jefferson won the election of 1800 with seventy-three electoral votes to Adams' sixty-five.
Aaron Burr
Jefferson's vice-presidential running mate who played a key role in securing New York's electoral votes for Jefferson.
Alien and Sedition Acts
Laws enacted in 1798 under President Adams that restricted immigration and limited criticism of the federal government.
Judiciary Act of 1801
A law passed by the Federalist Congress creating new federal judgeships, signed by outgoing President John Adams.
Chief Justice John Marshall
Appointed by Adams, he significantly influenced the Supreme Court and established the principle of judicial review.
Marbury v. Madison
A landmark Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review.
Louisiana Purchase
An 1803 acquisition of territory from France that doubled the size of the United States for about $15 million.
Embargo Act of 1807
A law signed by Jefferson that prohibited American ships from leaving ports to pressure Britain and France, but harmed the U.S. economy.
War of 1812
A conflict fought between the United States and Great Britain, lasting from 1812 to 1815, influenced by issues like maritime rights.
Treaty of Ghent
The agreement that ended the War of 1812, resulting in no significant territorial changes.
Hartford Convention
A meeting of Federalists in 1814 to discuss grievances, leading to discrediting the party for seeming unpatriotic.
Era of Good Feelings
A period of political harmony and national unity following the War of 1812, marked by the decline of the Federalist Party.
