medical planes and terminology

prone position

lying facedown

supine position

lying face-up

Flexion meaning

Bending a joint in a way which decreases the angle between body parts (like bending your elbow)

Extension meaning

Straightening a joint which increases the angle between body parts (like straightening your elbow)

Dorsi- prefix meaning

the back of

Palmar-

Relating to the palm of the hand

Plantar- meaning

Relating to the sole of the foot

Abduction and adduction are relative to the ___

Midline

Abduction meaning

Moving away from the midline

Adduction meaning

Moving towards the midline

Plantar flexion = toes pointing down

Plantar flexion is like pressing a gas pedal

Dorsi flexion = toes up towards the shin

1)anterior

2)posterior

3)superior

4)inferior

1)nearer to the front of body

2)nearer to the back of the body

3)above

4)below

fill in the gaps

3 main planes of the body

transverse, frontal, sagittal

What is an oblique plane?

An oblique plane passes through the body/organ at any angle other than a 90 degree angle.

What is a parasagittal plane?

A parasagittal plane divides the body/organ into left and right unequally.

medial vs lateral

Medial= towards the midline

Lateral= away from the midline

proximal vs distal

Proximal = closer to trunk

Distal = farther from trunk.

Superficial vs. Deep

Superficial = toward surface

Deep = away from surface (deeper into the body)

Ipsilateral vs. Contralateral

ipsilateral = on the same side of the body

contralateral = on the opposite side

intermediate meaning

inbetween 2 structures

the area of the abdominopelvic cabity

from diaphragm to groin

abdominal cavity contains the...

stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of the large intestine

the pelvic cavity contains the...

urinary bladder, portions of the large intestine, and most of the internal organs of the genital systems.

organs inside the abdominopelvic cavity are called...

viscera

serous membrane definition and function

the double-layered membrane which covers the viscera. it does not open directly to the exterior

layers of the serous membrane.

outer - parietal layer

inner - visceral layer

what is in between the layers of the serous membrane?

some fluid which allows the layers to slide somewhat during movement

cavities in the head and trunk

cranial + vertebral (forms the dorsal cavity)

thoracic cavity

abdominal + pelvic (forms abdominopelvic cavity)

membranes of the pleural cavity (in order out to in)

parietal pleura

↓

pleural cavity (fluid filled gap)

↓

visceral pleura

membranes of the pericardial cavity (in order from out to in)

parietal pericardium

↓

pericardial cavity (fluid filled gap)

↓

visceral pericardium

membranes of the abdominal (peritoneum) cavity (in order from out to in)

parietal peritoneum

↓

peritoneal cavity (fluid filled gap)

↓

visceral peritoneum

abdominopelvic regions

abdominopelvic quadrants

RUQ

RLQ

LUQ

LLQ

select all the correct list of structures which are retroperitoneal

major body cavities

the cranial cavity, vertebral cavity, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and pelvic cavity (pelvic + abdominal=abdominopelvic cavity)