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Chapters 7-
purpose of urinary system
to eliminate nitrogenous waste (generated from protein metabolism)
function of kidney
filter nitrogenous waste to form urine
200 quarts of blood are filtered to form 2 quarts of urine
maintain proper balance of water, electrolytes (sodium, potassium), and acids
degrade/eliminate toxins or medications from bloodstream
nitrogenous wastes
ammonia, urea, uric acid, and creatinine
why can’t you have high sodium in body (in relation to kidney)
consequences of too much potassium consumption
hormones that kidneys release
renin
erythropoietin (EPO)
calciferol
renin
enzymatic hormone important in adjusting blood pressure
erythropoietin (EPO)
calciferol
glomermulus and bowman capsule
afferent arteriole
efferent arteriole
glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
water reabsorption
explain process of urine formation
proximal tubule
nephron
angiography
CT
cystitis
inflammation of urinary bladder
pyelonephritis
kidney infection
specific type of UTI that begins in bladder —> kidney
requires prompt medical attention
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of glomeruli within kidney
occurs after infections or drug treatments or due to autoimmune disorders
nephron
parenchyma of the kidneys
parenchyma
interstitial nephritis
stroma cells
refers to supportive tissue
renal interstitium
connective tissue that lies between renal tubules
hydronephrosis
condition of excess fluid (water) in kidney due to blockage in ureters or urethra
renal tubules
renal calculi
calculi in kidneys is composed of ___ or ____
uric acid or calcium oxalate
nephrolithiasis
dietary risk factors associated with increased stone risk
extracorporeal lithotripsy
shock wave to crush stones
after procedure, tiny pieces of stones pass out of ur body in urine
percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCN)
minimally invasive procedure to remove stones from kdiney by small puncture wound through skin
ureteroscopy
-tripsy
“rub”, crush
extracorporeal lithotripsy
outside of body
lith/o/
stone
retrograde pyelogram
nephroscope
-ectomy
-tomy
-stomy
kidney removal
kidney incision
kidney new opening
nephrostomy
nephritic syndrome
excessive proteins in urine due to impariment in the filtration unit (glomeruli)
nephrotic syndrome
hypoalbuminemia
Note 
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