EXAM 2 Membranes and Integumentary System Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture notes on the integumentary system, skin histology, and skin pathologies.

Connective Tissue

Tissue that has a substantial matrix with scattered cells and serves to support and bind other tissues.

Blood

A connective tissue with a solid matrix that performs transportation of gases, nutrients, wastes, and hormones, and has an excellent blood supply.

Epithelial Tissue

A tissue type made of tightly packed cells with a matrix limited to the basement membrane, serving as a barrier and lining.

Mucous Membrane

A membrane that consists of moist stratified squamous epithelium and areolar tissue, lining the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts.

Serous Membrane

A type of membrane that includes simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium) and areolar tissue, creating layers that cover organs and line cavities.

Cutaneous Membrane

The skin, including its accessory structures, that serves as a protective barrier and has various functions such as sensation and temperature regulation.

Melanocytes

Cells in the epidermis that produce melanin, providing protection from UV light and contributing to skin tone.

Keratinocytes

The predominant cell type in the epidermis that produces keratin and undergoes a turnover process, moving from the basal layer to the surface.

Sweat Glands

Glands that produce sweat for thermoregulation, including eccrine and apocrine types, with the former having a watery secretion.

Skin Cancer

Malignant growths including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma, characterized by uncontrolled cell division in the skin.

Aging of Skin

Changes that occur in the skin over time, leading to thinner, more fragile skin, decreased collagen and elastin, and reduced gland activity.

First Degree Burn

A burn that causes epidermal damage, resulting in redness, swelling, and pain that heals in a few days.

Second Degree Burn

A burn affecting both the epidermis and dermis, resulting in blisters and a healing time that depends on the depth of damage.

Third Degree Burn

A burn resulting in complete destruction of the epidermis and dermis, often requiring skin grafts and resulting in severe damage.

Epidermis

The outermost layer of skin, made of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, and contains several types of cells including keratinocytes and melanocytes.

Dermis

The layer of skin beneath the epidermis, rich in connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves, providing structural support and nourishment.

Epithelial Membrane

Epithelial Tissue+Connective tissue

Mucous Membrane

Moist stratified squamous (epithelial) + areolar tissuethat lines body cavities and secretes mucus to lubricate surfaces.

Mucous Membrane

Membrane that lines digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive tracts, coated with secretions of mucous glands

Serous Membrane

Simple squamous (mesothelium) + areolar tissue, “fist pushed into balloon” two-membrane membrane, lines internal body cavities (ventral cavities)

Visceral Serous Membrane

Serous membrane, inner, covers organ

Parietal Serous Membrane

Serous membrane, outer, covers walls of cavity, stuck to organ

Serous Fluid

Fluid in cavity between two membranes

Pleura

Type of Serous Membrane, surrounds lungs and thoracic cavity

Pericardium

Type of serous membrane, sac surrounding heart (has visceral and parietal layer)

Peritoneum

Type of serous membrane, liens abdominal cavity and most abdominal organsIt consists of two layers: the visceral peritoneum, which covers the organs, and the parietal peritoneum, which lines the abdominal wall.

Reticular Layer

Layer of dermis, dense, irregular connective tissue, thick bundles of collagen

Hypodermis

Layer beneath the dermis, consisting of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue that cushions and insulates the body (subcutaneous tissue)

Thick skin

Skin that has one extra layer of strata, deeper epidermal ridges, no hair follicles and calluses

Thin Skin

Skin that is almost everywhere, shallower epidermal ridges, hair follicles and no calluses

Sebaceous Gland

Produces Sebum, oily, rich in lipids, waterproofs and lubricates skin, covers body except thick skin, (not a sweat gland)

Eccrine Sweat Gland

“Normal” sweat gland, most common, watery, salts, trace metabolic wastes, temperature regulation, secretory portion located in dermis, not associated with hair follicles

Apocrine Sweat Gland

Type of sweat gland found in specific areas such as armpits and groin, secretes a thicker, milky fluid, contains proteins and fatty acids, associated with hair follicles

Ceruminous Gland

A type of gland located in the ear canal that produces earwax, which helps protect the ear by trapping debris and providing a barrier against pathogens, modified apocrine gland

Mammary Gland

Modified apocrine gland, produces milk