Chapter 1: Lexico - Idioms - Phrasal verb

Grudingly /ˈɡrʌdʒɪŋli/
Eg: I grudgingly accepted my ex’s offer.

reluctantly, một cách lưỡng lự, không tự nguyện

Scrimp and save

Thắt lưng buộc bụng, on tight budget

Eg: Money was short and people survived by _____ and saving

Apologetically /əˌpɑːləˈdʒetɪkli/
Ex: ‘I'm sorry I'm late,’ he murmured apologetically.

Một cách hỗi lỗi, ăn năn

Shamefacedly /ˌʃeɪmˈfeɪsɪdli/
Ex: He smiled rather shamefacedly

sheepishly, một cách xấu, quê

Make a detour
Ex: We had to make a detour around the flooded fields.

đi đường vòng, để tránh problem gì đó trên trục đường chính (congestion, tree fall,..)

Deviation from sth
Ex: Modern examples of this type of weaving showed little deviation from traditional patterns.

• Khác biệt, distinct from

• Phá vỡ khuôn khổ, thoát khỏi những gì thường lệ

Digression /daɪˈɡreʃn/
Ex: After several digressions, he finally got to the point.

Nói vòng vo tam quốc, beat about the bush

Of late
Eg: She always a efficient person but she has been making a lot of mistakes of late.

recently, gần đây

For now
Eg: I’m doing my homework for now.

at the moment, ngay lúc này

In a while
Eg: I’m quite unfamiliar with driving on left side but i think i’ll get use to it in a while.

Trong một thời gian ngắn, nhanh thôi

Grin and bear
Eg: I know it’s difficult but you’ll have to grin and bear it.

Mỉm cười vượt qua, cắn răng chịu đựng.

At one stroke = In one go
Eg: They lost half their fortune at one stroke/ in one go

Hết tất cả trong một lượt, all in, làm xong tất

There and then
Eg: I do not want to make any decision there and then.

Ngay lập tức

In a tearing hurry/rush
Eg: Run! We are now in a tearing hurry!

In a big rush/hurry. Rât vội vã, trong tình cảnh rất vội rồi

A gut feeling

Trực giác mách bảo, linh cảm

Undermine (v)

Làm ai nhụt chí

Eg: Recent defeats have ________ his confidence in himself as a player

Impede = hamper (v)

Trì hoãn cgi mãi, dừng tiến triển, hoãn lại

Eg: Work on the building was _________ by severe weather.

Contain (v)

• Chứa, bao gồm

• Đè nén, đè chặt cgi

  Eg: My brother found it impossible to ______ his anger and started shouting.

Sigh (v)

Thở dài thườn thượt (vì chán)

Eg: I couldn't stop myself from ________ with boredom during the lecture

Exert (v)

• Exert oneself

• Lạm quyền

• Cố gắng, nỗ lực

  Eg: I didn't really feel like memorizing all these definitions. It was only the risk of getting another bad mark that made me _____ myself.

Condone (v)

Tha thứ, chấp nhận cgi

Eg: Drug-taking is a crime which society cannot ________

A closely guarded secret

Điều tuyệt mật

Eg: the whereabouts of the exiled president remains a __________ guarded secret.

Scared stiff

Bị dọa sợ đơ người, cứng người, bủn rủn tay chân

Eg: I was scared ______ when I looked down from the top of the cliff

Provisional (adj)

(Tính chất) tạm thời, sẽ thay đổi, 0 fixed

Eg: This is the _______ timetable for the conference. It may change later.

A flicker of emotion ( n phrs)

Một thoáng cảm xúc

Eg: She didn't show even a _______ emotion when the court found her guilty.

Austerity (n)

thời kì quá độ, suy thoái kinh tế
Eg: In times of _________ unemployment figures usually rise dramatically.

sobriety (n) - sober (adj)

sự còn tỉnh táo, bình thường, không bị kích thích, không say,..
Eg: I can assure you I'm in a state of complete ___________.

hinge upon/on (phrs v)

dựa vào cgi, of an action, a result, etc.) to depend on something completely
Eg: The delight in treasure finding doesn’t always ________acquiring tremendous amounts of valuables.

poke around (phrs v)

đi đi lại lại to look for something, especially something that is hidden among other things that you have to move
Eg: The police spent the day _________in his office but found nothing.

to and fro (idiom)

đi đi lại lại, lượn qua lượn lại

dwell on/upon sth (phrs v)

nói đi nói lại, nghĩ về cgi mãi
Eg: So you made a mistake, but there's no need to ____ on it.

in reference to

about, liên quan tới, về cái gì, so sánh

in relation to

dựa vào, liên kết với, dựa trên
Eg: She used the map to discover where she was in ________to her surroundings

let it drop that …. (phrs)

bật mí, tiết lộ, nói ra cgi 1 cách dứt khoát, ngắn gọn → dừng sự tò mò, bàn tán
Eg: He let it __________ that the Prime Minister was a close friend of his.

no end

very much, extremely,..
Eg: It was a fantastic film. I enjoyed it _________.

be in the depths of despair

tuyẹt vọng, rất trầm cảm
Eg: I was in the ______ of despair before I heard the good news.

profundity (n) - profound (adj

• the quality of understanding or dealing with a subject at a very serious level, có chiều sâu, sâu sắc, thấu hiểu

• sự rõ ràng, rõ rệt, dễ nhận thấy
  Eg: He lacked_________ and analytical precision.

clutter up (phrs v)
+ clutter sth up with sth/sb

chất đống cgi → trông lộn xộn, chật chội, không gọn gàng
Eg: When are we going to get rid of all these empty cartons? They've been _________ up the office for weeks now.

in the pecking order (phrs)

theo vị trí công tác, theo vai trò từ trên xuống dưới
Eg: The luxurious office accentuated the manager's position _________. It enhanced his power and his sense of his own worth. And it made other people feel small.

symmetry (n) - symmetrically (adj) >< asymmetrically (Adj)

sự đối xứng
Eg: The luxurious office accentuated the manager's position _________. It enhanced his power and his sense of his own worth. And it made other people feel small.

exuberant (Adj)

xum xuê, dài dài, đa dạng
Eg: The vegetation on the island was _________

chivalrous (adj)

ga lăng, lịch sự, tử tế, thành thật, công bằng

overcast (adj)

âm u, ảm đạm

strike (it) lucky

have a good luck
Eg: We had been looking for the nest for hours before we _________ lucky.

not the least bit = whatsoever

0 1 chút nào

as such

as the word is usually understood; in the exact sense of the word, nói thật thì, thật ra là..
Eg: We don’t have a secretary _________, but we do have a student who comes in to do a bit of filing.

outward appearance

vẻ bề ngoàii ák
Eg: Despite ____________ appearances, he wasn't as crazy as people thought.

thrive in sth

phát triển nhanh chóng, hiệu quả hơn
Eg: I really need some vacations now so that when I come back I can _________ in the operating theatre.

the (first) rung of the ladder

những vị trí, bậc, bước đi, tiến triển đầu tiên trong quá trình thực hành, đạt được cgi
Eg: The first _________ of the ladder is important in your career.

be at your wit’s end

to be so worried by a problem that you do not know what to do next, hoảng loạn, lo lắng kbt nên làm gì tiếp
Eg: After hours and hours trying to solve the problem, I was at my _________ end.

follow the herd

chạy theo xu thế, chạy theo đám đông
Eg: Her punky hairstyle showed she was not one for following the _________.

a pack of lies

toàn lời nói dóiii

as strong as a horse

khỏe như vâm
Eg: Ask David to give you a hand moving the furniture. He’s strong as ______.

a scrap of sth (evidence,…)/scraps of

một mảnh manh mối, chứng cứ, vật thể chứng cứ
Eg: He didn’t have a _________ of evidence to support his claims

there are plenty more fish in the sea

đời còn dài, trai còn nhiều =)
Eg: He didn’t have a _________ of evidence to support his claims

in arrears >< in advance

trả sau (sau khi mọi việc đã hoàn tất)
Eg: It's normal for salaries to be paid monthly in______, meaning you'll need to work four weeks first.

thick(-)skinned (adj)

mặt dày ukm
Eg: She is so ______ skinned that nothing offends her.

an unknown quantity

ngựa ô pí ẩn, một tài năng ẩn dật, có tiềm năng những chưa bộc lộ
Eg: I’ve only met Stephen in a social context - he’s an unknown _________ where work’s concerned

manifestation of sb/sth (n)

dấu ấn (sự kiện, hành động, sth…) cho biết cgi đã từng tồn tại, xảy ra
Eg: The competition he set up for young musicians is another _________ of his life-long support for the arts.

Token (n)

something that is a symbol of a feeling, a fact, an event, etc., thay cho cgi (trừu tượng)
Eg: Please accept this small gift as a token of our gratitude.

go a long/some way towards doing something

to help very much/a little in achieving something, có vai trò quan trọng/bth với việc gì
Eg: Windows go __________ towards defining the character of a house.

law-abiding (adj)

tuân thủ luật chấp hành nghiêm chỉnh luật
Eg: Even the most _________ drivers feel an urge to break the speed-limit occasionally.

get out of hand

vượt tầm kiểm soát
Eg: The opposition protests against the government now threaten to get out of _______ and the security forces are likely to make arrests around the country today.

drag sb into sth/doing sth

cố tình, cố ý lôi kéo ai vào một tình huống khó sứ → khó chịu
Eg: I really don’t want to get involved in your problems. Why are you _______me into it?

in the grip of sth

experiencing something unpleasant that cannot be stopped, đang phải trải qua cgi tồi tệ
Eg: At the time, Mexico was in the _____of its worst economic recession on record

pass up = turn down

từ chối, bỏ qua, bỏ lỡ cgi
Eg: A full scholarship to Harvard and you are worried about leaving your job? You’d be a fool to _____ up a chance like that.

bribe (n)
+ take a bribe

tiền hối lộ
Eg: He admitted taking a __________

blow one’s chances

phá hỏng cơ hội
Eg: He admitted taking a bribe and he doesn’t think he’s _______ his chances of getting re-elected?

leave sth in abeyance
be left in abeyance

• bị delay, trì hoãn (công việc, tiến trình,..)

• bị bỏ hoang (nhà, place,…)
  Eg: The matter has been left in _______ until the legal ramifications have been explored

cast aspersion(s) on sth

đặt điều nấu xói
Eg: It was an extremely hostile article which cast _______ on the conduct of the entire cabinet.

be not out of the woods (yet)

vẫn còn ngập trong công việc
Eg: We've made some great improvements over the past three months, but we're still not out of the _______ .

be all at sea (with sth)

bối rỗi, không hiểu, mông lung
Eg: If you had never seen a telly ad, you would be all at ______ with popular culture.

put down roots swh

bén rễ, thật sự thuộc về đâu, chắc chắn settle ở đâu..
Eg: I'd been living in this country for a few years, but it wasn't until I had kids that I felt like I had really put down ______ here.

be thrown off balance

choáng váng, k thể tin nổi cgi
Eg: The entire staff was thrown off ______ when the news of the takeover was announced.

don’t give up your day work

đừng bỏ ci cviec đang ổn định
Eg: I know you have a good voice and have ambitions to be an opera singer but do not give up your day ______ yet.

throw down the gauntlet to sb/sth

khiêu chiến, thách đấu vs ai
Eg: We at Buyrite throw down the ______ to competitors to match us for price, quality and service

the simple pleasures

niềm vui giản đơn
Eg: Sometimes, we don't appreciate the ______ pleasures of life such as a beautiful sky, a cup of coffee with a friend or seeing a good film at the cinema.

come to the fore

trở nên nóng hổi, nghiêm trọng, thu hút nhiều sự quan tâm
Eg: Various ecological issues have come to the ______ since the discovery of the hole in the earth's ozone layer.

hit home

trở nên rõ ràng, rõ rệt, được hiểu ra
Eg: The full horror of the war only hit ______ when we started seeing the television pictures of it.

become second nature to sb

trở nên quen thuộc, trở nên bản năng
Eg: The most important parts of your job may seem difficult now but they will become second ______ to you within a couple of weeks.

self-conscious (adj)

ngượng ngùng, xấu hổ, sợ hãi, chưa dám, lo lắng
Eg: I'm about to start my long-planned swimming regime. But I've got really terrible cellulite, which makes me feel rather ______

be confine for sth/doing sth

bị giam lỏng, bị hạn chế vì làm gì (sai)
Eg: The inconsiderate driver was ______ for parking his vehicle in the wrong place.

up and coming (Adj)

hứa hẹn, tiềm năng, ….
Eg: From football to fashion, from TV to stage, we name the ______ stars whose careers are likely to rocket in the future.

inadvertently (Adv) = unintentionally

by accident
Eg: Obama expressed regret as a US drone strike has______ killed innocent hostages.

incongruously (adv)

không phù hợp, inappropriately
Eg: She ______ dressed a red hat to the funeral

vehemently (adv) /ˈviːəməntli/

in a way that shows very strong feelings, especially anger
Eg: The charge was ___________denied.

toe the line

to say or do what somebody in authority tells you to say or do, even if you do not share the same opinions, etc., tuân thủ, k phản kháng
Eg: The headmaster at my last school was was a stern disciplinarian and made sure we ______ the line.

disciplinarian (n) - discipline (n)

người có nguyên tắc
Eg: The headmaster at my last school was was a stern disciplinarian

be given a free rein

được quyền tự do làm, quyết định cgi
Eg: The designer was given free _____ to produce any design he wanted

bowl sb over l be bowled over

to surprise or impress somebody a lot
Eg: They were _____ over by his kindness and didn’t know what to say.

backlog (n)

công việc tồn ứ, tồn đọng cần giải quyết
Eg: The office was closed for a week for refurbishment and now the staff have to deal with the _____ that built up during their absence.

backlash (n)

sự phản đối mạnh mẽ với cgi
Eg: There was a conservative backlash against the feminism of the 80s.

come what may

dù có thế nào đi chăng nữa
Eg: Even though there have been setbacks, because of their determination I’m sure they’ll achieve their goals, _____ .

be that as it may

nevertheless, despite that
Eg: I know that he has tried hard; be that as it may, his work is just not good enough.

in the back of beyond = in the middle of nowhere

ở nơi xa xôi hẻo lánh
Eg: John and Sarah lived in the back of _____ and it always took us a whole day to drive there.

nostalgia (n)
+ look back with nostalgia

hoài niệm về những kỷ niệm đẹp trong qk
Eg: My parents looked back with _____ on the days when all of us lived at home and which, they said, were the best years of their lives.

reminiscence (n)

hồi tưởng về quá khứ nma 0 biết là tốt hay xấu

go against the grain

trái với nguyên tắc, trái với lẽ thường
Eg: I don’t trust him and it really goes against the ________to give him the money.

heart to heart

chân tình, thành thật, pour our hearts out
Eg: It’s time we had a ________talk with each other in an effort to clear the air.

a blank look

một ánh nhìn ngơ ngác,, bối rối
Eg: As she didn’t understand the teacher’s question, she merely gave him a _______ look.