functional groups & amino acids
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27 Terms
hydroxyl
-OH, alcohols
Polar as result of e spending more time near EN atom
can form HBs w water
carboxyl
-COOH
carboxylic acids (organic acids)
acids as acid
can donate H+ bc O and H is so polar
ie. acetic acid
amino
amines
acts as base
can pick up H+ from surrounding solution
phosphate
PO4
organic phosphates
contributes negative charge to molecule
has potential to react w water, releasing energy
carbonyl
-CO
ketones if group is within carbon skeleton
aldehydes if group is at end of carbon skeleton
ie. acetone
sulfhydryl
-SH (or -HS)
thiosis
two groups can react, forming a covalent bond; "cross-linking" helps stablize protein structure
methyl
-CH3
methylated compounds
affects expression of genes
in male or female sex hormones affect shape and fxn
Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
electrically charged side chains, hydrophilic (acidic, negatively charged)
Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
electrically charged side chains, hydrophilic (acidic, negatively charged)
Lysine (Lys, K)
electrically charged side chains, hydrophilic (basic, positively charged)
Arginine (Arg, R)
electrically charged side chains, hydrophilic (basic, positively charged)
Histidine (His, H)
electrically charged side chains, hydrophilic (basic, positively charged)
Note 
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