NURS 315: Exam #3 - (FINAL) **NEW MATERIAL**

Amount of drug/Amount of fluid (mL) = ?

Amount of drug in 1 mL

Total number of units per hour/Number of units to run x mL = ?

mL/hour

Total number of milligrams per hour/number of milligrams to run x mL = ?

mL/hour

Total number of milligrams ordered/Total number of milligrams per hour = ?

Hours

1g = how many mg?

1000 mg

16 oz in pounds?

1 Ib

1 kg in pounds?

2.2 Ibs

Microdrip = ?

60 gtt/mL

1 mg = how many micrograms?

1000 mcg

1 tsp = how many mL?

5 mL

1 oz = ? how many mL's?

30 mL

Body Surface Area: 1 foot = how many inches?

12 inches

Body Surface Area: 1 inch = how many cm?

2.54 cm

Formula for Body Surface Area (BSA)?

Squared: weight (kg) x height (cm)/3600

Calculating Pediatric Fluid Requirements: Formula to Calculate Daily Maintenance Fluid Requirement?

1) 10 kg x 100 mL/kg

2) 10 kg x 50 mL/kg

3) Remainder of weight in kg x 20 mL/kg

Pregnancy Category: Old method of Classification?

- A No risk to the fetus in any trimerster

- B No adverse effect demonstrated in animals; no human studies available

- C Studies with animals have shown adverse reactions; no human studies available; given only after risks to the fetus have been considered

- D Definite fetal risk exists; may be given despite risk to the fetus if needed for a life-threatening condition

- X Absolute fetal abnormality; not to be used anytime during pregnancy

The A, B, C, D, and X risk categories have been replaced with what and what year?

Since 1979, replaced with Benefit-Risk Analysis

What are the actions before we administer medications to patients?

- How drug works to reach therapeutic effect

- Helps to educate patient when to take the med. Before, with meals, or after meals

What are the indications before using a drug?

- Reason for using the drug

- Patient will always ask why they are taking the drug

How can a nurse avoid liability claims?

- The 3 checks and 11 rights

- Accurate dosage and calculation

- Know and follow institutional policies and procedures

- Look up what you do not know

- Do not leave medicines at the bedside

- Chart/document carefully

- Listen to the client: "I never took that before," and the like

- Check and double-check when a dose seems high. Most oral tablet doses range from 1/2 to 2 tablets. Most IM, intradermal, and subcutaneous injections are less than 3 mL

- Label any powder you dilute. label any IV bag you use

- When necessary, seek advice from competent professionals

- Do not administer drugs prepared by another nurse

- Keep drug knowledge up-to-date. Attend continuing education programs and update your nursing skills

- Label syringes after medications are drawn into the syringe

What are the characteristics of Autonomy?

- Self determination

- Right to decide

- Right to refuse

- Right to be a part of the drug therapy

What is truthfulness?

Obligation not to lie, tell the TRUTH!

Nurse should act in the patient/client's best interests?

Beneficence

Nurse must not inflict harm on the patient/client and must prevent harm whenever possible?

Nonmaleficence

What are the 11 rights to medication administration?

- Right patient

- Right medication

- Right dose

- Right route

- Right time

- Right reason

- Right assessment

- Right education

- Right to refuse

- Right documentation

- Right evaluation