US History 4.2-4.3

Thomas Jefferson beliefs (1801-1809)

have a society of independent farmers

The Louisiana Purchase

The acquisition and purchase of New Orleans+All Louisiana (from France)

Reactions to the Louisiana Purchase

Jefferson & most Americans supported the purchase federalist: unhappy

Results of the Louisiana Purchase

• Doubled the size of the state 

• Removed European presence in the nation's borders 

• Extended the western frontier beyond the Mississippi

• Strengthened Jeffersons hope for a future agrarian society (of independent farmers) 

• Increased Jefferson's popularity

Embargo act (1807)

A result form GB & France seizing ships instead of war Jefferson put the act which prohibit all exports but imports were still permitted (decrease on foreign trade) bc they had no cargo

Results of the Embargo act

1. Exports & Imports fell in $ 

2. Americans from the people 

3. Jefforson in his last days in office tried to repeal the act in 1809

Non-Intercourse act of 1809: forbade trade with GB & France

Jefforson’s actions during his precedency

Louisiana Purchase, Reduction of federal power, suspended the Alien & Sedition acts

John Marshall

Federalist cheif of justice whos decisions constantly favored central gov

Marbury V Madison (1803)

Established Judicial Review : supreme court would decide whether an act of congress or the president was allowed under the constitution 

Fletcher v Peck (1810) 

Marshall: state could not pass legislation invalidations a contract (declared a sate law unconstitutional

McCulloh v Maryland (1819)

Marshall: not tax a fed institution ***fed law is more powerful than state law***

Cohens Vs Virginia 1821

Marshall: Supreme court would review a state court's decision involving any of the powers of the federal gov 

Gibbons Vs Ogden

Marshall: federal gov broad control of interstate commerce 

Virginia Dynasty

1. TJ, James Madison, James Monroe (1801-1825)

   1. All presidents democratic republican and from the state of Virginia

Madison

did not have much political skills as Jefferson Jeffersons backing him he was nominated for president & defeated his opponents 

Era of good feelings

Monroe president (2 term) Marked-nationalism, optimism and good will 

BUT: There were tariff debates, The national Bank, internal improvements and public land sales 

James Monroe

Country got FL, Missouri compromise & Monroe Doctrine

Tariff of 1816

Passed in the war of 1812 (US & Britain) Passed to protect US manufactured items overseas (competition) NOTE: PLACED TAX ON IMPORTED GOODS

Results of the Tariff of 1816

1) North:happy bc it incentivized buying US goods South: felt targeted bc of their trading and buying products

Henry Clays American system

1.  Protective tariffs (promote business in the north)

2. A national Bank ($ support to farmers)

3. Internal Improvements (transportation systems)

Missouri Background

If Missouri was admitted into the union slave or free there would be an imbalance of power

Missouri Compromise

By Clay: 1) Admit Missouri as a slave holding state 2)Admit Maine as a free state 3) Prohibit slavery in the rest of the the Louisiana (anything north free anything south (bottom) slave holding)