Unit 13: Presidents James Monroe and John Quincy Adams - Abigail Morales

What is James Monroe’s political party?

Democratic - Republican

Why were James Monroe’s Vice President for both terms?

Daniel Tompkins

What was James Monroe’s nickname?

Era of Good Feelings President

How many terms did James Monroe serve?

2

What years were James Monroe in office for?

1817-1825

What year did the U.S annex the land between the Pear River and the Perdido River?

1813

What land was annexed by the U.S?

Pearl River and the Perdido River

Who wanted Florida to be controlled by the U.S?

Southerners

Why did some southerners want Florida to be controlled by the U.S?

Since enslaved peoples often fled to freedom in FL.

Who was the secretary that ordered Andrew Jackson to take U.S troops into Florida?

John C. Calhoun

Why did John C Calhoun order Andrew Jackson to take U.S troops into Florida?

To stop Seminole raids on white settlers

What treaty was signed in 1819?

Adams - Onis

Who was the Adams - Onis Treaty signed with?

Spain

What was the first part of the Adams - Onis Treaty?

U.S boundary was established

What was the second party of the Adams - Onis Treaty?

Spain retained claim to the southwest

What was the third part of the Adams - Onis Treaty?

U.S paid $5 million in claims made by U.S residents against Spain

Why was the statehood blocked in the Missouri Territory?

Power was balanced in the Senate

Who blocked the Missouri Territory Statehood?

Senate

How many free states and slave states were in the senate?

11 free states and 11 slave states

Adding what state would upset the balance of the Missouri Compromise?

Missouri

Who was the Missouri Compromised proposed by?

Henry Clay

When was the Missouri Compromise proposed?

1820

What was the first term of the Missouri Compromise?

Allow Maine to enter the main union as a free state

What was the second term of the Missouri Compromise?

Allow Missouri to enter the union as a Slave State

What was the third term in the Missouri Compromise?

The latitude line of 36’30 would determine free (above) or slave (below) for all future territories seeking statehood

What is the line of latitude in the Missouri Compromise?

36’30

Regional Sectionalism

An exaggerated devotion to the interests of a region over those of a country as a whole

Who is the congressman from the west and where is he from?

Henry Clay from Kentucky

Why did the western tariff support the American System?

It would create more jobs

What did the American System re - charter?

Bank of the United States

What did the American System create?

The Department of Interior to construct better roads, bridges, and canals paid by taxes because it would make trade in our country easier

Who was the congressmen from the south and where was he from?

John c. Calhoun from South Carolina

Why did the southerners oppose the Tariff?

They raised the prices of goods that southerners bought.

Who was the congressman from the northeast and where was he from?

Daniel Webster from Massachusetts

Why did the Northwest support the Tariff?

They would allow factories to compete with Europe’s products (Europe’s products would be more expensive)

Who won the course case in 1819?

McCulloch

What was the court case in 1819 (with McCulloch vs. Maryland)?

Power of Federal Government vs. Power of state Governments

What were the Constitutional issues in the court case of McCalloch vs. Maryland?

Does Congress have the power to create a national bank?What’s the relationship between federal and state laws?

What was the decision made in the McCulloch vs. Maryland case?

Congress can create a national bank under the “Necessary & Proper clause of the U.S Constitution”

What was the effect of the court case of McCulloch vs. Maryland?

Supremacy Clause of the U.S Constitution was used as evidence; cannot go against or ignore federal laws.

Why was the court case of McCalloch vs. Maryland special?

Stated that taxes cannot be place on a government institution; Enlarged the power of the federal government.

Who won the case in 1819 with Dartmouth College and Woodward?

Dartmouth College

What was the court case called in 1819 with Dartmouth College and Woodward?

The meaning of a contract

What was the constitutional issue with the case of Dartmouth College and Woodward?

Can a state interfere with a legal contract made by two consenting parties?

What was the decision made in the court case of Dartmouth College and Woodward?

A state cannot take control of a private insitution

What was the effect of the Dartmouth College and Woodward?

Public education increased at the college level with the creation of the state-funded universities.

Why was the Dartmouth College vs. Woodward court case special?

It gave legal protection for business owners; Helped establish incorporated businesses, & therefore increased job opportunities.

Who won the court case in 1824?

Gibbons

What was the court case of Gibbons vs. Ogden?

Regulation of Interstate Commerce

What were the Constitutional issues of the Gibbons vs. Ogden case?

Is navigation a part of commerce? If so, what power does Congress have to regulate it?

What was the decision made in the Gibbons vs. Ogden court case?

Commerce clause of U.S Constitution supported Congress’ right to regulate interstate commerce.

What was the effect of the Gibbons vs. Ogden court case?

Congress later had an power to regulate commerce when railroads, highways, and pipelines were laid across more than one state.

Why was the Gibbons vs. Ogden case special?

Still affects businesses today that travel across state lines: Federal minimum wage was set by Congress; child labor laws created by Congress.

Explain the message of the Monroe Doctrine. When was it created?

Message and Date - It wanted European nations to stay away from Latin America (do not colonize or set up trading posts); December 1823.

What was Spain’s role in the creation of the Monroe Doctorine?

It wanted to regain its colonies in the Americas which caused fear in the U.S.A.

What were France’s and Russia’s role in the creation of the Monroe Doctrine?

They said that they would help Spain.

What was Britain’s role in the creation of the Monroe Doctrine?

Like us, they wanted to protect their trade in Latin America; suggested we make a joint statement to the world.

What was President Monroe’s role in the creation of the Monroe Doctrine?

Made the statement; hence the name

What was the Secretary of State John Quincy Adams’ role in the creation of the Monroe Doctrine?

He wrote it and convinced Pres. Monroe to make a statement without the British.

What effects did the Monroe Doctrine have on the world?

Created a stronger American influence in Latin America and future presidents will use it to justify our actions there.

What 5 new states were added during Monroe’s Presidency?

Mississippi, Illionois, Alabama, Maine, and Missouri

What caused inflation and high unemployment which caused many people to take interest in politics?

Economic Depression

What year was the Economic Depression?

1819

Why was there controversy over new states that were allowed or not allowed?

slavery

Where did Monroe retire to?

VA (Virgina)

When did Monroe die?

July 4, 1831

Who was the last of the Founding Fathers to serve as President?

James Monroe

What was Andrew Jackson’s nickname?

Old Hickory

Who ran for president in 1824 representing the Democratic Party?

Andrew Jackson

Why wasn’t Andrew Jackson president?

He won the most electoral votes, but failed to win enough to officially win.

Who decided who was president?

The House of Representatives

Who did the House of Representatives vote for?

John Quincy Adams

What political party was John Quincy Adams apart of?

Federalist

Why did the House of Reps vote for John Quincy Adams?

Henry Clay told them to

Who did President Adams appoint to secretary of state?

Henry Clay

What did Jacksons supporters call the controversial electron?

Corrupt Bargain

JQ Adams was ________ as the ___ POTUS, and served for __ term.

inaugurated, 6th, 1

What was JQ Adams’ nickname?

Old Man Eloquent

What could JQ Adams not do?

Push his programs through Congress.

Who did JQ Adams make as his VP?

John C. Calhoun

Where any new states added?

No

What were built regionally, and then connected at major cities?

Railroads

When was the opening of the Erie Canal?

1825

Who did railroads and canals benefit?

Workers, farmers, and business owners

Disagreements over what manifested even more?

slavery

Who did John Quincy Adams loose to in the next election?

Andrew Jackson

What did JQ Adams do after his presidency?

U.S Representative

What rule was fought against that said they could not discuss slavery in Congress?

Gag Rule

Where did JQ Adams have a stroke?

U.S Capitol Building

When did JQ Adams die?

February 23, 1848