Meiosis and Mitosis Flashcards

Flashcards about Meiosis and Mitosis

Prophase 1

Chromosomes condense and thicken, line up with homologous pairs, and crossing over occurs.

Metaphase 1

Chromosomes are in pairs in the middle of the cell.

Anaphase 1

Chromosomes are pulled away by spindle fibers.

Telophase 1

Two newly formed nuclei; ends with 2 cells.

Prophase II

Spindles start to form.

Metaphase II

Chromosomes line up in the middle in a single file line with no pairs.

Anaphase II

Chromatids are pulled away by spindle fibers.

Telophase II

Nuclei reform; two cells divide so four cells are formed.

Nondisjunction

Cell receives too many or too few chromosomes during separation.

Mitosis

Makes body cells; Anaphase: Chromatids get pulled apart; End with 2 identical diploid cells.

Meiosis

Results in sperm and egg cells (gametes); PMAT twice; Prophase - Chromosomes match up with homologous pairs, Crossing Over; Anaphase: Chromosomes get pulled apart; Anaphase II: Chromatids get pulled away; 4 non-identical cells (gametes).

G1 Phase

Cell grows in size, copies organelles.

S Phase

Makes DNA copy and synthesizes, duplicates centrosomes.

G2 Phase

Cell grows more.

Chromosome

Thread-like structures composed of DNA and proteins.

Centromeres

Hold sister chromatids together.

Chromatid

Singular strand of a chromosome.

Meiosis Outcome

Meiosis 1 ends in 2 haploid cells. During meiosis 2, 4 haploid daughter cells