Politics - Unit 1

Globalization

world is becoming increasingly interconnected and interdependent, with people, goods, ideas, and information flowing more freely across boarders

Fringe Party

A political party with an idea or a collection of ideas that departs significantly from prevailing or mainstream view in its particular field of study

polarization

a prominent division or conflict that forms between major groups in a society or political system

• ex: right wing party in canada

Deficit Spending

when a government’s spending exceeds its revenues

Eco chamber

an environment where a person only encounters information or opinions that reflect and reinforce their own

pragmatism

a way of dealing with problems or situations that focuses on practical approaches and solutions

liberal democracy

voting and human rights (main values)

Pluralism

the existence of different types of people, who have different beliefs and opinions, within the same society

Cyber Warfare

involves nation-states or organizations using cyberattacks to harm another nation’s computers and networks, potentially disrupting critical systems or stealing sensitive information

Censorship

the suppression or prohibition of any parts of books, films, news, etc.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to seek out information that matches your pre-existing beliefs while ignoring information/facts that challenges your opinion

stereotype threat

phrase used to describe how stereotypes can negatively impact people

• situational predicament in which people are or feel themselves to be at risk of conforming to stereotypes about their social group

conformity/tribalism

• The need to belong is one of the most powerful human impulses

• Humans value being good members of their tribe much more they value being correct, so much so that they will choose to be wrong if it keeps a good standing with peers

Cognitive Bias

tendency to act in an irrational way due to our limited ability to process information objectively

Ideology

your belief system

useful idiot

description of a person, suggesting that the person thinks they are fighting for a cause without fully comprehending the consequences of their actions, and who does not realize they are being manipulated by the cause’s leaders or by other political players

official opposition

a party that is completely against all of your beliefs that you will compete with

fiscal

economics, to do with economics/money

electorate/voter turn out

all the people in a country or area who are entitled to vote in an election

hierarchy

arranged or organized in a hierarchy, meaning with people or things ordered by level of importance or authority, from the most to least

Priors

the past experiences your brain uses to make decisions

political spectrum

concept for representing different political stances in relation to one another

There are three main issues that positions a person on the spectrum

1. Speed of change wanted in a society

2. Freedom of individual vs security of a group

3. Sharing of wealth through social beliefs