Word Parts of the Musculoskeletal System

Periosteum

tissue that covers the outside of the bone

Craniometer

measures the size of the skull

Craniomalacia

softening of the skull

Cervical spine

the area of the spine at the neck region; there are seven cervical vertebrae

Cervicitis

inflammation of the neck

Spondylitis

inflammation of the vertebra

Spondylosis

condition in which there is abnormal wear on the cartilage and bones of the neck (cervical vertebrae).

Spondylothesis

(the suffix THESIS means to put or to place) where one of the vertebra, slips forward

Lumbar

pertaining to the lower back

Lumbodynia

pain in the lower back

Lumbosacral

radiculopathy (skeletal condition with neurological symptoms)

Brachiocephalic

pertaining to the arm and head

Brachialplexopathy

a form of peripheral neuropathy. It occurs when there is damage to the brachial plexus

Brachialgia

pain in the arm

Brachioplasty

surgery that reshapes the back part of your upper arm, from your arm to your elbow

Adactyly

without a finger

Dactylagia

pain in the finger

Dactylitis

inflammation of a finger or toe caused by bone infection

Dactylography

The science of using fingerprints to uniquely identify people. The study of finger rings.

Carpectomy

the excision or removal of carpal bone(s)

Carpal

bones of the wrist

Metacarpal

bones distal to the carpals

Costectomy

– removal of a rib.

Intercostal

tissue pertaining to between the ribs

Costochondritis

Costochondritis is the medical term for inflammation of the cartilage that joins your ribs to your breastbone (sternum).

Femoral artery

large artery found in the thigh that provides arterial blood to the thigh region

Femoral anteversion

an inward twisting of the thigh bone (femur).

Femoral Q-angle

angle the femur has at the neck.

Tarsitis

inflammation of the ankle

Tarsalgia

pain in the ankle

Chondritis

inflammation of the cartilage

Chondrodynia

pain in the cartilage

Osteochondral Defect

Knee microfracture surgery is recommended to treat damage that occurs on the surfaces of the knee joint such as osteochondral lesions.

Chondromalacia

softening of the cartilage

Chondrolysis

Chondrolysis is defined as rapidly progressive loss of articular cartilage from both the femoral and acetabular sides of the hip

Bursitis

inflammation of the bursa

Bursectomy

Removal of the bursa

Bradykinesia

slow

Dyskinesia

difficult or abnormal

Hypokinesia

decreased

Hyperkinesia

increased

Dystonia

poor muscle tone

Hypertonia

excessive muscle tone or tightness

Hypotonia

decreased muscle tone or tightness

Graphospasm

writers’ cramp

Myospasm

muscle spasm

Myoplasia

formation or growth inside the muscle.

Myalgia, myodynia

muscle pain

Tenalgia

tendon pain

Myasthenia

muscle weakness

Myositis ossificans

bone growth in muscle

Arthrocentesis/Sonoguide Arthrocentesis

joint pucture/aspiration

Arthrogram

visual record of the joint

Arthroscope

instrument to look or view the joint

Arthroscopy

procedure for viewing or looking into joint

Arthrography

written procedure

Hemarthrosis

a condition where blood accumulates in a joint cavity, causing swelling, pain, and limited mobility.

Pyarthrosis

puss in the joint as a result of infection.

Osteodystrophy

poor bone development

Osteolysis

bone loss

Osteonecrosis

death of bone

Osteosclerosis

abnormal hardening of bone

Exostosis

abnormal bone growth

Craniomalacia

softening of the skull

Spondylomalacia

softening of the vertebrae

Tarsoptosis

drooping of the feet

Pes planus

high arch

Pes cavus

low arch

Atrophy

underdevelopement of muscle

Myolysis

loss of muscle tissue

Hypertrophy

overdevelopment of muscle

Myomalacia

softening of muscle

Myosclerosis

hardening of muscle

Myotonia

decreased muscle tone

Myotasis

stretching of muscle

Arthrectomy

removal of a joint

Arthroclasia

surgical breaking of a joint to correct a deformity

Arthrodesis

surgical fixation of a joint

Arthrolysis

loosening of a stiff joint

Arthroplasty

reconstruction of a joint

Arthrotomy

incision into a joint

Bursectomy

removal of bursa

Bursotomy

incision into bursa

Chondrectomy

removal of cartilage

Chondroplasty

reconsutrction of cartilage