foundations of health science final

when did the most rapid growth in health care occur

20th century

when did the bubonic plague affect europe

middle ages

which ancient civilization first developed public health and sanitation systems

the romans

who is considered the father of medicine

hippocrates

who invented bifocals

ben franklin

who invented the smallpox vaccine and in what year

edward jenner, 1796

who first used antiseptics and disinfectants

joseph lister

who founded the american red cross in 1881

clara barton

who started the professional education of modern nurses

florence nightingale

who discovered penicillin and when

alexander fleming, 1928

who developed the polio vaccine

jonas salk

when was the first test tube baby born in england

july 25, 1978

when was aids identified as a disease

june 5, 1981

which type of cam practitioner believes that a life energy flows through every living person in an invisible system of meridians

chinese medicine

which viruses have the ability to cause a pandemic

hantavirus, sars, monkeypox

what is the purpose of the cdc

finds causes, spread, and control of diseases in populations

what do health insurance plans vary in

services covered and amount paid

what kind of specialty hospital provides care for cancer patients

oncolgy

what type of care is provided by hospice

palliative

what is the world health organization responsible for

stats and info about diseases

which type of medicare coverage assists with payment for pharmaceutical expenses

type d

which medicare coverage assists with payment for hospital sevices

type a

what does hippa provide

health care access, prohibits discrimination, tax-related provisions

how many more years beyond a bachelor’s degree is a master’s degree achieved

1+

what is the level of training for a technician

2 year associates, special health science technician education, or 3-4 years of on job training

how many years of study does a bachelor’s degree require

4+

what level of education for health occupations usually requires 3-4 years of college plus work experience

technologist/therapist

what is an entrepreneur

organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business

what does a genetic counselor do

provide people with info about genetic/inherited diseases

how does good posture improve health

prevents fatigue and decreases stress on muscles

what should a health care worker’s appearance inspire and portray

confidence and positive self-image

what is empathy

identify with and understand others’ feelings, situation, motives

what is enthusiasm

enjoying work and displaying a positive attitude

what is tact

saying/doing the kindest or most appropriate thing in a difficult situation

what is responsibility

willingness to be held accountable for your actions

what is discretion

using good judgement

what is cometence

qualified and capable of performing tasks

what is learning to function well with others

team player

what is communication

exchange of info, ideas, thoughts, feelings

what are the barriers to communication

physical disabilities, psychological barriers, cultural diversity

what is a subjective observation

symptoms, can’t be seen or felt

what is a laisez-faire leader

minimal rules and regulations

what physically happens to eh body when it goes into alarm or warning mode

decreased movement in digestive tract, pupils dilate, saliva decreases

what type of diseases can stress cause

migraines, depression, anxiety, allergies

how can effective short and long term goals be established

time management

what are good ways to promote physical wellness

healthy diet, efficient sleep, exercise, good posture, and avoidance of drugs/alcohol

is verbal consent ever permitted

yes

what is negligence

failure to give expected care with resulting injury

what is invasion of privacy

unnecessary exposing a person or revealing personal info without consent

what is malpractice

failure to use degree of skill and learning expected

what is false imprisonment

restraining/restricting freedom without authorization

what is abuse

any care resulting in physical harm, pain, or mental anguish

what is a libel

printed/written/not spoken defamation

define ethics

set of principals dealing with morally right and wrong

what is a living will

documents where person states what can be done to prolong life when terminal

what is permission granted by a person who is of sound mind after a procedure and all risks have been explained

informed consent

what is verbal abuse

harsh speaking, swearing, shouting, threats

what are the signs and symptoms of abuse

unexplained injuries, signs of neglect, irrational fears, aggressive behavior

what is a tort

wrongful act that doesn’t involve a contract

what can the skin be classified as

membrane, organ, system

what is the hypodermis made up of

elastic, fibrous, and fatty connective tissues

which layer of epidermis is constantly shedding cells

stratum corneum

which layer of epidermis is constantly replacing the shed cells

stratum germinativum

where do sudoriferous glands usually open up to

pore

how do oil glands affect hair and skin

keeps from becoming dry and brittle

what helps form fingerprints and footprints

papillae

what are nails made of

keratin

how do the vessels react to warm and cool the body

contract to warm body and dilate to cool the body

what is physiology

study of processes of organisms, why/how they work

what part of the cell condenses to form chromosomes during cell reproduction

chromatin

stack of membrane layers that produces, stores, and packages secretions for discharge of cell

golgi apparatus

where do all chemical reactions take place in cell

cytoplasm

where are ribosomes manufactured

nucleolus

what do lysosomes do

digest and destroy old cells

what are the 4 main tissue groups

epithelial, connective, nerve, muscle

what tissue produces power and movement

muscle tissue

what anatomical structures does the respiratory system include

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

what does the lymphatic system do

recycles fluid and guards against foreign substances

what is the function of the integumentary system

external body covering

which system filters blood to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance

urinary

what is anatomical position

standing up with arms to the side and palms, head, and feet facing foward

what is the transverse plane

divides body horizontally

what is the midsagittal plane

divides body vertically

what are body parts on frontal plane called

anterior/ventral

what are body parts close to the midsagittal plane called

medial

what are body parts close to the point of reference called

proximal

where is the thoracic cavity located

chest

which body cavity contains the brain and spinal cord

cranial

what is the buccal cavity

mouth cavity for teeth and tongue

what does the pelvic cavity contain

bladder, reproductive organs, last part of large intestine

what does the thoracic cavity contain

lungs, heart, large blood vessels

what cavity contains the eyes

orbital

what is the diaphysis

long shaft of bone

which material in bones produce red blood cells, platelets, and some white blood cells

red marrow

what is the endosteum

lines medullary canal, keeps yellow marrow intact, produces some bone growth

what are fontanels

soft spots that allow for skull growth during brain growth

what are areas where cranial bones have joined together

sutures

where are the lumbar vertebrae located

by waist

what are the first 7 pairs of ribs called

true ribs

what are joints

where 2 or more bones join together