nKatzung Chapter 25: General Anesthetics, Chapter 26: Local anesthetics, and Chapter 27: Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Desflurane Isoflurane Sevoflurane

General anesthetic, volatile liquids

Nitrous oxide

General anesthetic, gas

Malignant hyperthermia

Autosomal dominant genetic disorder of skeletal muscles in individuals undergoing generalized anesthesia with inhaled agents and muscle relaxants, increase of free calcium produces muscle contraction, fever, tachycardia, hyperkalemia, acidosis

Nalaxone

Opiate antagonist, reversal agent

Emergence phenomena

Disorientation, sensory and perceptual illusions, vivid dreams following anesthesia, euphoria

Dissociative anesthesia

Catatonia, amnesia and analgesia without loss of consciousness

Lidocaine

Local anesthetic, more water soluble, block voltage gated sodium channels, higher affinity for activated and inactivated channels, intermediate acting

Articaine

Local anesthetic,

more water soluble,

block voltage gated sodium channels, higher affinity for activated and inactivated channels,

intermediate acting a

Tetracaine

Local anesthetic, less water soluble, block voltage gated sodium channels, higher affinity for activated and inactivated channels, long acting

Succinylcholine

Depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant,

nicotinic channel antagonist,

reversed by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Atracurium Mivacurium Rocuronium Pancuronium Vecuronium Cisatracurium

Non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant, nicotinic channel antagonist, reversed by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Neostigmine Pyridostigmine

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, reversal agent

Sugammadex

Non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant reversal agent, binds to free drug in plasma and decreases free concentration