Introduction to Human Anatomy – Fill-in-the-Blank Flashcards

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50 fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the Introduction to Human Anatomy lecture.

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50 Terms

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The study of the structures of the body is called _.

Anatomy

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The study of body processes and functions is known as _.

Physiology

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Small structures within cells that perform specific functions are called _.

Organelles

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Any living thing considered as a whole is termed an _.

Organism

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The ability to use energy to perform vital functions is called _.

Metabolism

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An increase in size of all or part of an organism is termed _.

Growth

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The formation of new cells or organisms is known as _.

Reproduction

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In the systemic approach, anatomy is studied by body _ such as the skeletal system.

Systems

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The regional approach to anatomy focuses on specific _ like the head or abdomen.

Areas/Regions

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Studying external features such as bony projections is called _ anatomy.

Surface

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Using ultrasound or X-rays to visualize internal structures is termed _ imaging.

Anatomical

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Physiology that examines functions at the level of individual _ is cellular physiology.

Cells

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The six structural levels progress from chemical to _.

Organism

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Atoms combining to form molecules are studied at the _ level.

Chemical

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Molecules forming organelles like mitochondria belong to the _ level of organization.

Cell

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Groups of similar cells and surrounding materials form _.

Tissues

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Different tissues combining to perform a function form an _.

Organ

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Organs that work together for a common purpose belong to an _ system.

Organ

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The ability to react to a stimulus is called _.

Responsiveness

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Changes that occur in an organism through time are referred to as _.

Development

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The process by which unspecialized cells become specialized is called _.

Differentiation

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The ability to maintain a stable internal environment is termed _.

Homeostasis

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Conditions like temperature or chemical content that can vary are called _ in homeostatic control.

Variables

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A feedback system that reverses a deviation and restores the set point is called a _ feedback system.

Negative

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In a feedback loop, the structure that monitors a controlled condition is the _.

Receptor

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The control center compares input to the _ point and sends output commands.

Set

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The structure that produces a response to change the controlled condition is the _.

Effector

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The standard reference posture used to describe body parts is the _ position.

Anatomical

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Lying face down is described as the _ position.

Prone

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Lying face up is described as the _ position.

Supine

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A plane that divides the body into right and left portions is a _ plane.

Sagittal

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A sagittal plane exactly at the midline is specifically called a _ plane.

Midsagittal

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A plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior parts is a _ (or coronal) plane.

Frontal

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A plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is the _ plane.

Transverse

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A cut across the long axis of an organ at a right angle is a _ section.

Transverse/Cross

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A body cavity located on the back side of the body is the _ cavity.

Dorsal

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Serous membranes line trunk cavities and secrete fluid to reduce _.

Friction

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Bending a joint to decrease the angle between bones is called _.

Flexion

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Straightening a joint to increase the angle between bones is called _.

Extension

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Movement of the foot toward the shin is termed _.

Dorsiflexion

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Standing on tiptoes involves _ flexion of the foot.

Plantar

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Movement away from the midline is called _.

Abduction

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Movement toward the midline is called _.

Adduction

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Turning a structure around its long axis is called _.

Rotation

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Rotation of the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly is _.

Pronation

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Moving a limb in a circular cone-shaped path is _.

Circumduction

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Elevating a structure moves it _.

Superiorly

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Gliding a structure anteriorly is called _.

Protraction

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The unique movement bringing the thumb and a fingertip together is called _.

Opposition

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Turning the sole of the foot medially is _.

Inversion