Chapter 7: Han Dynasty China and Imperial Rome 300 BCE-300 CE

Globalizing empire

Who/What: empires that covered large amounts of territory, had huge diverse populations, had influence beyond their own borders, and worked to integrate conquered peoples
When: 300 BCE to 300 CE
Where: China and Rome (Han and Roman empires)
Why: They served as models for later empires and showed a new level of bureaucratic and military complexity

Shi Huangdi

Who/What: (Zheng) a king during the Qin era who defeated the rest of the Warring States.
When: 230 and 221 BCE
Where: China
Why: He centralized the administration of the Empire

commanderies

Who/What: Provinces
When: during the Qin era
Where: China
Why: Shi Huangdi divided China up in order to rule the state more effectively.

Li Si

Who/What: the chief minister of the Qin Empire who subscribed to the principles of Legalism during the Warring states period
When: Warring states period
Where: China
Why:

Xiongnu

Who/What: most powerful group of nomadic peoples who were originally pastoralists from ancient Mongolia
When: 3rd century BCE
Where: China
Why:

Emperor Wu

Who/What: also known as Han Audi who had the longest reigns in Chinese history. He never led his military into battle and used a penal code to eliminate officials who got in his way
When: 140-87 BCE
Where: China
Why: he had the longest reign in Chinese history

Imperial University

Who/What: University founded by Emperor Wu where important discoveries such as the compass and high quality paper were invented.
When: 136 BCE
Where: China
Why: made many inventions that are still relevant to this day.

Pax Sinica

Who/What: period of peace when agriculture, commerce, and industry were really successful
When: 149-87 BCE
Where: East Asia
Why:

Wang Mang

Who/What: Han minister who usurped the throne because he believed that the Han had lost the mandate of heaven
When: 9 CE-23 CE
Where: China
Why:

Res publica

Who/What: "public thing" which is referred to the Roman republic where policy and rules of behavior were determined by the Senate and by popular assemblies of the citizens.
When: during the Roman era
Where: Rome
Why:

Senate

Who/What:
When:
Where:
Why:

Punic Wars

Who/What: Three wars between the Romans and Carthage where the Carthaginian hegemony was defeated
When: between the third and second centuries BCE
Where: western Mediterranean
Why: this demonstrated how powerful the Roman military was and the beginning of Rome's imperialism

Augustus

Who/What: title meaning "Revered One" assumed by the Roman ruler Octavian.
When: 27 CE
Where: Rome
Why: Octavian created many titles such as imperator, princess, and Caesar

Rax Romana

Who/What: Latin for "Roman Peace" which refers to the period during the Roman Empire where everything was settled and peaceful
When: 25 BCE to 235 CE
Where: Roman Empire
Why:

patron

Who/What: Men and women of high social status protected dependents of a lower class
When: during the Roman era
Where: the Roman Empire
Why:

client

Who/What:
When:
Where:
Why:

Jesus

Who/What:
When:
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Christianity

Who/What: Religion where Jesus was condemned for sedition and crucified. People believed that he was resurrected and it made him a god.
When: 4th century CE
Where: Rome
Why: Began the most followed religion of our time that the majority of people in the U.S. still practice today.

Paul of Tarus

Who/What:
When:
Where:
Why:

Parthians

Who/What: Horse-riding people who wiped out the Greek kingdoms in Iran.
When: second century BCE
Where: extended through the Mediterranean
Why:

barbarians

Who/What: Derogatory term that was used to describe pastoral nomads, which led people to believe them being the enemies of the civilization
When: the Roman era
Where: Rome
Why: We still use this word to degrade somebody in some parts of the world