Personality and individual differences

What is the dark triad?

It refers to a constellation or 3 socially undesirable traits

What are the 3 characteristics?

• Narcissism.

• Machiavelism

• Psychopathy

What is narcissism?

A grandiose yet fragile sense of self as well as preoccupation with success and demands for admiration

What is at the root of narcissism ?

.deeply rooted feelings of inferiority?

How did the term Machiavellian ism start?

Italian diplomat, wrote a book about how a leader should establish power and achieve political goals,being ruthless and cunning

What is machiavelliaism?

Defined as a personality trait: that refers to a strategy f social conduct that involves manipulating other for personal gain often against others self-infresst.

What is psychopathy

?

It as defined as a drive to engage in impulsive or anti-social behaviour without empathy anxiety or remorse

What test is used to measure narcissism?

Narcissistic personality inventory -40 forced choice items

What is a criticism of the NPI?

Overreliance on measure

How is machiavellism measured??

Mach IV 20 items, 7 point likert scale

What is a problem with the Mach IV?

. Psychometric problems lack ot agreement on the number of sub-scale

How do you measure psychopathy ?

. The self report psychopathy scale 64 items 5 point likert scale

What are the 2 questionnaires that measure all 3 stems of the dark triad

• The dirty dozen, the short dark trial

What are critiques of the dirty dozen questionnaire?

4 items are not enough to capture the nevances in the constructs

What is good about the short dark triad?

More items in each subscale Tu setter represent each of the dimensions. Has store correlations with the full dark triad measures

What s a criticism of the short dark tried

. Factor analysis studies have repeatedly failed to reproduce a 3 factor measure Machiavellians and psychopathy often cluster into a single factor

Agreeableness?

Ali dark triad traits were negatives associated with agreeableness

Conscientiousness?

All dark triad were negatives associated with conscientiousness

Extroversion and openness?

Narcissism was positives associated with

Is narcissism increasing?

• NPI scores were 30% higher in the mostrecent cohort compared to the first cohort

Why might there be rise in narcissism?

Social media use, higher amours opsocial media use was associated with higher levels of narcissism

What is another explanation as to why narcissism is rising?

Parenting styles

Brummelman

Parental overvaluation predicted child narcissism but now child selfesteem

What is the unification hypothesis?

The darn triad show strong positive intercorrelations and have been found to load onto the a same factor on factor analysis

What is the uniqueness hypothesis?

. The 3 dark triad traits have different pattens of associations with other traits and out come variables

Can the dark. triad capture human nature?

No

What is the light triad?

Qualities that embody a loving and beneficent orientation towards others

What are the 3 parts of the light triad?

. Kantianism, humanism, faith in humanity

What is kantianism?

Treating people as ends unto themselves.

What is humanism?

Valuing the dignity and worth of each individual

What is faith in humanity?

Believing in the fundamental goodness of humans

What is the light triad scale?

12 item questionnaire, opposite of each dark triad

Are people generally more good or bad?

• Good 1.3 mean

what is the nomological network?

The net work t traits qualities and outcomes that you would expect to be associated with a trait o determine that it is a valid construct

What are the 3 ways that the nomological network can be measured?

1. I. Correlate the that you expect to be highly correlated

Correlated the measure with measures that you would expect not to be correlated.

Explore wether the traits correlate or predict outcomes in line with expectation hypothesis

Who has the light trad the most?

Older female spiritualist.

Who is lines to have the dark triad

Younger males