Chapter 9 Terms - Provincial Corrections: Probation and Short-term Incarceration

standard conditions

all Canadians on probation are required to keep the peace and be of good behaviour, to report to the court or probation officer when required, and report any significant changes to the probation officer or court.

caseload

the number of individuals under the supervision of a probation or parole officer.

case plan

the “roadmap” for an individual’s rehabilitation that is developed by the offender and the caseworker.

provincial parole

Provincial parole boards are operated in Ontario and Quebec for prisoners in provincial correctional centres, while individuals serving less than two years in all the remaining provinces and territories can apply to the Parole Board of Canda for early releases.

fine option programs

enable people to pay their court-ordered fines using their labour (typically by working in jobs related to community service).

intensive supervision probation (ISP)

places higher levels of supervision on high-risk probationers, and probation officers typically meet more frequently with them.

electronic monitoring (EM)

requires probationers or parolees living in the community to wear a device that communicates their whereabouts to a facility that tracks their movements.

home confinement

a sanction that requires an individual on community supervision to remain at home; this is usually coupled with electronic monitoring.

breach of probation

a violation of an offenders condition of probation, such as using drugs or alcohol when it is forbidden, or violating a curfew

Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS)

an approach to the community supervision of probationers that is based on the notion that probation officers who have stronger relationships with their clients and challenge their pro-criminal or antisocial beliefs have lower rates of recidivism on their caseloads.

gaols

the historic terms for jails.

police lock-ups

a historic term used to describe police cells, which are places where arrestees are temporarily held until their first court appearance (e.g., overnight).

workhouses

places developed in the 1800s where the poor and people with mental illnesses were given basic necessities (e.g., beds, meals, and clothes) in return for work.

warehousing

when inmates receive only their basic needs and few or no rehabilitative opportunities.

contraband

any item that is forbidden in a correctional facility, such as cellular phones, illicit drugs, homemade liquor or weapons.

“big house” prisons""

a style of high-secuirty prisons that emerged in the 1800s and featured large stone building surrounded by high stone fences.

new generation design/podular design

a correctional facility where the cells are arranged on teh perimeter of the livng unit and the prisoners eat and recreate in a common area (also called a podular design).

living unit

refers to where inmates live within a facility, usually featuring cells that srround an area used for dining, education, and recreation.

strip-searches

searches carried out by staff members to detect contraband by requiring inmates to remove their clothing (inmates may be strip-searched after visitng with their family members, for example).

drones

unmanned aerial vehicles that have been used to drop contraband into correctional facilities.d

direct superivison

a method of inmate supervision where officers directly interact with inmates

dynamic security

the regular interaction between prisoners and correctional officers that pat promotes problem-solving, information sharing, and rapport building.

offender classification

the process by which an individual’s risks and needs are assessed in order to assign the inmate to the most appropiate living unit.

subjective classification

informal assessments of inmates based on the judgments or gut feelings of the correcitonal supervisor or admitting officer.

objective classification

a formal method of prisoner classification that uses risk assessment instruments.

ombudsman

an appointed official who investigates complaints made against organizations operated by provincial or territorial governments.